南极海洋硅藻极端生境适应性研究进展  

PROGRESS IN RESEARCH ON THE ACCLIMATION OF ANTARCTIC MARINE DIATOMS TO EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS

作　　者：帅春燕[1] 支崇远[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《极地研究》2016年第2期301-309,共9页Chinese Journal of Polar Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41062005);贵州省科技厅国际科技合作项目[(2012)800107];贵州省环保厅项目(黔环科[2012]1号)资助

摘　　要：南极海洋硅藻作为海洋食物网的基石,在南大洋生态系统中扮演着至关重要的角色。南极海洋硅藻具有极端生境适应性,是生物抗辐射性、抗冻性和抗盐性研究的理想实验材料。综述了近30年来国内外有关南极海洋硅藻对强辐射、低温、高盐和低光照的光合适应性研究进展,表明其在长期的极端生境中,形成独特的生理、生化、遗传和代谢特征,相关研究为深入开展南极海洋硅藻的抗逆境研究和开发利用提供了重要参考依据。Antarctic marine diatoms form the basis of the Antarctic food web, and play a vital role in the Southern Ocean ecosystem. The acclimation of Antarctic marine diatoms to extreme environments is an ideal experimental scenario for the study of biological radiation resistance, cold resistance, and salt resistance. The last 30 years of domestic and international research on Antarctic marine diatoms was reviewed. There have been advances in research on the adaptation of diatoms in extreme environments to factors, including enhanced UV-B radiation, low temperatures, high salinity, and low light. Antarctic marine diatoms develop unique physiological, biochemical, genetic, and metabolic characteristics to adapt to extreme habitats. The findings of this paper provide an important reference for further research on the adaptation of Antarctic marine diatoms.

关 键 词：南极 海洋硅藻 极端生境 适应性 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]