葡萄上赭曲霉毒素A产生机制及生物检测方法研究进展  

Research progress ochratoxin A-producing mechanism in grapes and biological detection methods

作　　者：彭娅萍 杨其亚[1] 张晓云[1] 张红印[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学食品与生物工程学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2016年第6期236-242,共7页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31271967);教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20123227110015);镇江市科技支撑计划-农业支撑项目(NY2013004);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(15)1048)

摘　　要：赭曲霉毒素A(Ochratoxin A,OTA)主要由赭曲霉、黑曲霉及青霉菌的某些菌株产生,具有多种毒性,葡萄及其制品中OTA污染在全球范围内普遍存在,严重影响人类和动植物的健康。控制OTA的方法已经有许多研究,其中生物方法安全环保是目前研究的热点,而认识OTA来源及产生机制是生物防治污染的基础,随着分子生物学的发展,一些新型的分子快速检测方法已经被研究出来。对OTA的毒理特性、污染及来源、产毒机制、分子生物学快速检测手段等方面进行了综述,为寻求有效的控制产毒和降解毒素方法提供理论参考,以期降低OTA污染。Ochratoxin A（ OTA） is one of the five major kinds of mycotoxin commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Currently,OTA is mainly produced by Aspergillus and Penicillium. Studies showed that this molecule can have several toxic effects. Worldwide,OTA contamination in grapes and its derived products is a big threat to health of the human,plant and animal. There are many studies about OTA-controlling,and biological method is the hot spot currently as it is safe and environmental-friendly. A good knowledge of OTA sources and production mechanism is the foundation for biological control of pollution. With the development of molecular biology,some new types of rapid molecular detection method have been developed. This review highlighted toxicological characteristics,the pollution and sources,toxin-producing mechanisms and PCR detection methods,which provided a theoretical basis for searching effective ways to control OTA production and degradation.

关 键 词：赭曲霉毒素A(Ochratoxin OTA) 污染来源 产毒机制 生物检测手段 

分 类 号：TS255.7[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]