美国国家公园志愿者服务及机制——以海峡群岛国家公园为例  

Volunteer service and mechanism in the U.S. national parks:A case study of Channel Islands National Park

作　　者：王辉[1,2] 刘小宇[3] 郭建科[2] 孙才志[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学城市与环境学院,大连116029 [2]辽宁师范大学海洋经济与可持续发展研究中心,大连116029 [3]辽宁师范大学历史文化旅游学院,大连116081

出　　处：《地理研究》2016年第6期1193-1202,共10页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41301160;41571126);国家旅游局青年旅游专家资助项目(TYETP201412);教育部人文社科重点研究基地项目(15JJD790038);辽宁省教育厅创新团队课题(WT2014005);大连市科协资助赴国(境)外参加科技交流活动项目(803202)

摘　　要：具有百余年历史的美国国家公园志愿者服务已成为美国国家公园管理的重要部分,志愿者服务有效实现了美国国家公园的全民管理思路。通过实地考察和访谈记录梳理,就国家公园志愿者服务的相关概念、服务动机、服务决策、服务内容、服务支持和服务机制深入剖析,从庞大有序的服务系统、管理与运行、功能实现三方面分析国家公园志愿者服务机制;提炼出美国国家公园志愿者服务的四个支持:宣传支持、技术支持、学习支持和立法支持。并以美国海峡群岛国家公园为例进行论证。最后提出国家公园志愿者服务和中国国家公园志愿服务尚需研究的诸多内容,任重而道远。Volunteer service of the United States national parks has a history of more than one hundred years. It has become an important part of the national parks management. Volunteer service effectively realizes the management idea of the American public for the national parks. Through on-the-spot investigation and interview in order, the authord made a deep thinking and analysis of the related concept of national parks volunteer service, service motivation, service decision, service contents, service support and service mechanism. From three aspects, namely, huge but orderly service system, the management and operation, and function realization, we analyzed the volunteer service mechanism of national parks, and pointed out four supports for the U.S. national parks volunteer service： propaganda support, technical support, learning support and legislative support, with the Channel Islands National Park as an example. Finally this paper pointed out that in-depth studies should be conducted on the national parks volunteer service as well as the national parks volunteer service of China. Firstly, from the perspective of volunteers, we should make an in-depth study for the volunteer behavior space. Secondly, from the perspective of national parks, different types of volunteers-in-parks programs for national parks are different, so the task for natural and human resources and environmental protection how to implement the operational level to the public is a question; Thirdly, the project for the national park service can be realized by the volunteer tourism. In recent years, volunteer tourism has become more and more popular among the public. Its theory is worth studying and we should make it clear. What＇s more, the national park volunteer service is a part of the U.S. national park service management system. So how can we put these managements into our country in the future, and what are the enlightenment and reference are？ These questions also need us to solve. At the same time, we should appeal to the academics that

关 键 词：国家公园志愿者 志愿者服务 服务机制 美国海峡群岛国家公园 

分 类 号：TU986.54[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]