电子母猪群养系统下母猪妊娠期体表损伤以及行为学的研究  

The Research of Surface Damage and Behavior of Sows under the Electronic Sow Feeding System

作　　者：涂金敏 叶健[3] 傅金銮[1] 王爱国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193 [2]江西山下投资有限公司,江西赣州341909 [3]华南农业大学动物科学学院国家生猪种业工程技术研究中心,广东广州510642

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2016年第12期69-73,77,共6页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CAR-36);国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD28B01)

摘　　要：本研究旨在分析在电子母猪群养系统（ESF）下,母猪体表健康和福利状况的变化。试验选取河南某公司种猪场（1场）和安徽某公司种猪场（2场）ESF系统下饲养的妊娠期母猪为研究对象。试验一分别对1场大白猪和长白猪不同胎次和不同妊娠期35、56、87 d和100 d母猪头部、肩部、背部、两侧、臀部、尾巴和阴部7个部位进行损伤程度评分;试验二通过对1场和2场猪群活动情况的观察,包括躺卧/犬坐、站立/走动、等待进入饲喂站和正常活动（采食/饮水/排泄）,记录处于不同状态下的母猪头数。试验结果表明电子母猪群养设备下猪群结构稳定后,体表健康状况和福利处于较好水平,且随妊娠天数逐渐减小,对于猪只的动物福利有一定的提高,肩部、两侧和头部,损伤程度明显高于其他部位;随着妊娠天数增加,头部、肩部、两侧、背部、臀部、尾部,损伤程度评分逐渐降低;阴户先降低,再升高。此外,1~4胎,随胎次的增加,刚转入时胎次高的体表损伤程度评分较低。根据试验结果,建议早上5点开始饲喂对母猪影响最小。This study was to analyze the change in surface health and welfare status of sows in electronic sow feeding system（ESF）.We selected two ESF farms,the Henan pig farm（Farm 1） and the Anhui pig farm（Farm 2）.The first experiment was compare the extent of damage score on head,shoulders,back,sides,buttocks,tail and genitals of Yorkshire and Landrace in different parities and different duration of pregnancy in 35,56,87 day and 100 day;the second experiment was observed and recorded the number of sows in different states the activities of sows in Farm1 and Farm 2,including lying / dog sitting,standing / walking,waiting to enter the feeding station and normal activities（eating / drinking / excretion）.The results showed that sows in ESF,the surface state of health and well-being in a better level,and gradually decreases with pregnancy,animal welfare for pigs has improved to some extent;shoulder,two side and head injury was significantly higher than other parts.With the increase in pregnancy,head,shoulders,sides,back,hips,tail,gradually reduce the degree of injury score;genitals decreased first and then increased.Different parities,1-4 parity,the higher parity,the lowest score lower degree of surface damage.In addition,combined with farm working hours,it is recommended 5am feeding cycle better.

关 键 词：电子母猪群养系统 体表损伤 行为学 

分 类 号：S815.2[农业科学—畜牧学] S828[农业科学—畜牧兽医]