2000-2009年凉山州新发麻风病的流行病学特征分析  

Analysis of Epidemiological Characteristics of New Leprosy Cases Reported in Liangshan, 2000-2009

作　　者：潘映春 袁林[1] 吴兵[1] 陆远和[1] 毛光玉[1] 郑丹翎 

机构地区：[1]凉山州疾病预防控制中心,四川西昌615000 [2]攀枝花学院医学院医疗系,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2016年第12期2113-2116,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：中央财政麻风病防治项目基金资助(2015)

摘　　要：目的 了解2000-2009年凉山州新发现麻风病例的流行病学特征,为制定麻风病控制和消除措施提供科学依据。方法用描述流行病学方法对凉山州2000-2009年间报告的麻风病疫情资料进行系统分析。结果 2000-2009年凉山州共发现确诊报告麻风病病例957例,年平均发现率为2.22/10万,各年发现率整体呈平稳波动;II级以上畸残率在18.07%~26.74%之间;男女发病数比例约为4∶1;病例身份主要为农民;94.98%的病例是成年人,14~18岁病例占3.45%,14岁以下的儿童病例少见,仅占1.57%;全年各月均有发病报告;彝汉族聚居区之间的发现报告率有明显差异。结论 凉山州2000-2009年间发现报告的麻风病病例遍及全州17个县（市）,平均发病率仍较高,彝族和汉族的发病率有统计学差异。需要进一步加大投入和工作力度,特别是加强当地少数民族聚居区的防控力度,使麻风病的病例得到“早发现、早诊断、早治疗”,最终减少畸残率,降低传染机率,达到有效控制麻风病发病率的目的。Objective This work was to understand the epidemiological characteristics of new leprosy cases reported in 2000- 2009 in Liangshan, to provide scientific evidence for the control and elimination of leprosy. Methods Using the descriptive epidemiological method to analyze new leprosy cases reported in 2000-2009 in Liangshan. Results A total of 957 new leprosy cases were reported in Liangshan during 2000-2009. The annual average of discovery rate of new cases was 22.2 per million population, meanwhile the annual discovery rate fluctuated mildly and the annual disability （〉II） rate fluctuated wildly between 18.07-26.74%. The male to female ratio of new leprosy cases was about 4：1, and most of these people lived in rural areas. About 95% new leprosy cases were adult, and 3.4% were teenagers （the age of 14-18 ）, and only 1.6% were children （under the age of 14 ）. Cases were reported every month throughout the year. Finally, a significant difference in discovery rate of new leprosy cases was found between the Yi and Han nationality neighborhoods. Conehmion New leprosy cases were reported in all the 17 counties （cities） of Liangshan Prefecture during 2000 and 2009, and the discovery rate was higher than the average in China. There were statistical difference between the discovery rate of new leprosy cases in Yi nationality neighborhoods and in Han nationality neighborhoods. So we need to further increase investment and efforts, and especially to strengthen the prevention and control of leprosy in local ethnic minority areas. By ＂early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment＂, we can eventually reduce the infection and related disability rate, and achieve the goal of effective leprosy control.

关 键 词：新发麻风病 流行病学特征 凉山州 

分 类 号：R181.81[医药卫生—流行病学] R183.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]