3,3-二甲基-2-氧代丁酸的急性毒性效应  

The acute toxic effect of 3,3-dimethyl-2-oxobutanoic acid

作　　者：陈小青[1] 马中春[1] 孙运[1] 李冰[1] 虞维娜[1] 苏亦青 陈静[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波出入境检验检疫局检验检疫技术中心毒理实验室,浙江宁波315012

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2016年第12期2220-2224,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家质检总局项目(2014IK257化学品GLP实验室管理系统的建立与应用)

摘　　要：目的 探讨3,3-二甲基-2-氧代丁酸的急性毒性效应。方法 采用急性经口、急性经皮、急性吸入、皮肤刺激/腐蚀、眼刺激/腐蚀、皮肤变态反应等。方法 对3,3-二甲基-2-氧代丁酸的急性毒性效应进行评价。结果 急性经口毒性试验4.640 g/kg BW和2.150 g/kg BW剂量组的雌、雄性动物全部死亡,LD50及95%可信区间为雄性动物1.260 g/kg BW（0.926~1.710）、雌性动物1.100 g/kg BW（0.661~1.830）,分级为低毒级、第4类;急性经皮毒性LD50〉2 000 mg/kg,分级为低毒级、第5类;急性吸入毒性LC50〉2 000 mg/m^3,分级为低毒级、第5类;受试物组24 h和48 h的致敏率分别为15.0%和20.0%,致敏强度为Ⅱ级,具有轻度皮肤致敏性;染毒3 min后,24 h观察时家兔皮肤出现液体渗出、皮肤发白、脱落等症状,具有皮肤腐蚀性;眼染毒后前4 d的最高加权总积分均值为110,且d7的加权总积分均值大于80,具有极重度刺激性,分级为8级。结论 3,3-二甲基-2-氧代丁酸具有一定的毒性,尤其表现在皮肤腐蚀和极重度眼刺激性上。在使用过程中,应切实做好防范工作,保障健康安全。Objective The objective of the study was to assess the acute toxic effect of 3,3-dimethyl-2-oxobutanoic acid. Methods Acute oral exposure, acute dermal exposure, acute inhalation, skin irritation/corrosion, eye irritation/corrosion, and skin allergic reaction were tested to evaluate the acute toxic effects of 3,3-dimethyl-2-oxobutanoic acid. Results All male and female animals died after subjected to 4.640 g/kg BW and 2.150 g/kg BW of acute oral exposure to 3,3-dimethyl-2- oxobutanoic acid. The LDs0 and 95% confidence interval were 1.260 g/kg BW and 0.926-1.710 for male animals, and were 1.100 g/kg BW and 0.661-1.830 for female animals; therefore classifying as the fourth category toxin with low toxicity. The LD50 of acute dermal exposure was higher than 2000 mg/kg, therefore classifying as the fifth category toxin with low toxicity. The LD50 of acute inhalation was higher than 2000 mg/kg^3, thus classifying as the fifth category toxin with low toxicity. The sensitization rate of the test groups after 24h and 48h of exposure was 15.0% and 20.0%, respectively; classifying as grade II sensitization intensity with mild skin sensitizing properties. After 3 min of exposure, rabbits showed fluid extrusion from the skin, pale of the skin and hair loss after 24h, indicating that the toxin is skin erosive. After ocular exposure, the mean of the total highest weighted scores was 110 in the first 4 days, and was higher than 80 on the 7th day, indicating that the toxin is strongly irritating to the eyes and classified as category 8 toxin. Conclusion 3,3-dimethyl-2-oxobutanoie acid is toxic, and especially corrosive to the skin and strongly irritating to the eyes. Protective measures should be implemented when using 3,3-dimethyl-2-oxobutanoic acid to ensure the health and safety of the users.

关 键 词：3 3-二甲基-2-氧代丁酸 急性毒性 效应 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]