北京市某近郊区居民身体活动情况及其影响因素  

Physical activity level and its influence factors among residents in one suburb district of Beijing

作　　者：吴士艳 张旭熙 杨帅帅[1] 孙凯歌[1] 贾卫兰[2] 邵春欣 吴芹[2] 宣小伟 刘永昌[2] 刘思佳[2] 孙昕霙[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院社会医学与健康教育学系,北京100191 [2]北京市通州区疾病预防控制中心,北京101100

出　　处：《北京大学学报（医学版）》2016年第3期483-490,共8页Journal of Peking University:Health Sciences

基　　金：北京市通州区社区诊断项目资助~~

摘　　要：目的：分析北京市通州区居民的身体活动情况及其影响因素,为今后有针对性地实施身体活动干预和相关政策的制定提供参考。方法：以北京市通州区18岁及以上居民为调查对象,共纳入研究7 319人。采用自行设计的调查问卷,该问卷基于健康信念模式设计,信效度良好。以6和10千步当量为是否达到身体活动量的判断标准,采用多因素Logistic回归分析方法探究居民身体活动的影响因素。结果：北京市通州区居民日均身体活动总量的中位数为9.1千步当量,四分位数间距为（3.8,20.4）,平均每日身体活动总量达到6和10千步当量的比例分别为63.7%和47.7%;工作或家务类、交通类以及休闲类身体活动量的中位数分别为4.0、1.0和0.0千步当量;占身体活动总量的比例分别为61.7%、18.3%和20.1%;8.6%（626/7 318）的居民不进行任何形式的中等强度或高强度的身体活动;基于健康信念模式共产生5个因子,累积贡献率为63.7%;身体活动量在文化程度、年龄、性别、自我效能、提示因素、主观和客观障碍间差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。女性、高年龄组、低文化程度的人群身体活动量多;自我效能感越高,提示因素,主观和客观障碍越少,身体活动量越多。结论：居民整体的身体活动水平尚可,主要以工作或家务类活动为主。男性、18-29岁和大学/大专及以上学历的人群是重点干预人群,今后需根据不同人群的具体情况制定相应的干预策略,重点是提高居民的自我效能感,降低身体活动主观和客观障碍,并倡导居民积极参加休闲锻炼,以提高居民整体的健康水平。Objective： To study the physical activity level and its influence factors among residents in one suburb of Beijing,so as to provide specific interventions for different people in different circumstances and to provide reference for health relevant policy-making in the future. Methods： In the study,7 319 subjects aged 18 years or above were involved. The self-designed questionnaires based on Health Belief Model（ HBM） had acceptable validity and reliability. The physical activity levels were calculated to classify sufficient or insufficient amount by a thousand-step equivalent greater than or equal to 6 or 10.Multiple variable Logistic regression was used to explore the influence factors of the physical activity among the residents. Results： The residents＇ median amount of physical activity in the suburb district of Beijing were 9. 1 thousand-step equivalent with quartile of（ 3. 8,20. 4）. The percentages of the thousand-step equivalent greater than or equal to 6 or 10 were 63. 7% and 47. 7%,respectively. The median amounts of physical activity from work or household chores,transportation and recreation physical activities were 4. 0,1. 0,0. 0 and the components of the total amount of physical activity from those were61. 7%,18. 3% and 20. 1%,respectively. There were 8. 6% residents whose life did notinvolve moderate or vigorous intensity activities. By using factor analysis,five factors were extracted from the scale based on the HBM; These factors together contributed to 63. 7% of the sum of the squared loadings. The differences of physical activity levels on education level,age,gender,self-efficacy,cues,subjective and objective barriers were statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. Those who were female,with older age,lower education level,higher self-efficacy,fewer cues,fewer subjective and objective barriers preferred to do more physical activities. Conclusion： The physical activity levels among the residents in the suburb district of Beijing are moderate and high,and most amount of physical ac

关 键 词：身体活动 健康信念模式 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]