基于购买力平价的我国地区间收入差距  

Regional Disparity of Real Income in China Based on Purchasing Power Parity

作　　者：闫梅[1,2] 樊杰[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国北京100101 [2]北京大学政府管理学院,中国北京100871 [3]中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,中国北京100101

出　　处：《经济地理》2016年第6期1-7,17,共8页Economic Geography

基　　金：中国科学院重点部署项目(KZZD-EW-06);国家自然科学基金重点项目(40830741)

摘　　要：区域发展差距是地理学研究的经典命题,全面建成小康社会时期,保障和改善民生成为社会建设的重点,居民真实收入的差距也成为区域发展差距研究关注的内容。对于区域发展差距的研究通常使用名义指标(GDP、人均GDP、可支配收入等)进行测度,然而物价水平的差异导致不同地区的名义收入存在被高估或低估的现象,需要用更合理的真实收入指标来衡量区域发展差距。针对当前名义收入不能反映居民实际收入的客观事实,文章借鉴购买力平价(Purchasing Power Parity)理论,从购买力的角度测算各地区的实际收入水平差距。结果表明:1通过购买力平价可以得出用来比较同一时期、不同地区之间综合物价水平的空间价格指数(Space Price Index),用于消除地区之间物价水平的影响,将名义收入转换为实际收入;2综合考虑收入和物价两个因素,居民的实际收入差距要小于名义收入所显示的差距;3长三角地区名义收入和实际收入均是高值集聚的热点,是居民收入高、购买能力强、实际生活水平最高的区域,西南部分地区则由于名义收入水平较低、物价水平较高,是实际发展最落后、居民生活水平最低的区域。The disparities of regional development have constituted the classic issues in the field of geography. During the historic era of building well-off society in an all-around way, the security and improvement of people＇ s livelihood has raised much attention of the whole society and become the focal point of social development, making the research on residents＇ living standard the heat topic among the classic issues of the regional disparities. Generally, nominal indices are adopted in the research of regional disparities. Thus, the real income might be overestimated or underestimated in the study due to the difference power of purchasing in different regions, which makes it important to adopt more rational and logic real income indices to estimate the regional disparities. Regarding of this, the theory of Purchasing Power Parity （PPP） was adopted in this dissertation to measure the real income of different regions with the concept of purchasing power. The conclusions of the dissertation were as follows： 1）PPP/SPI is an index comparing the comprehensive prices of different regions in the same period, used transforming the nominal income into real income to measure the relatively authentic regional disparities; 3）Taking both of the two factors of income and price of commodities into account, the gap of real income between the different regions is actually narrower than the nominal income gap; 3）The Yangtze River delta area with both high nominal income and high real income is the area of highest resident income, purchasing power and real living standard, while some regions of the southwestern China with low nominal income but high price of commodities becomes the most undeveloped area with poorest standard of the residents＇ living.

关 键 词：购买力平价(PPP) 空间价格指数 实际收入 生活水平 区域发展差距 中国 

分 类 号：F830[经济管理—金融学]