赣北红土区工程堆积体坡面水动力特性  

Hydrodynamic characteristics of engineering spoil bank slopes in the red soil region of Northern Jiangxi province,China

作　　者：王雪松[1] 陈曦[2] 马洪超[3] 谢永生[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水科学进展》2016年第3期412-422,共11页Advances in Water Science

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费资助项目(201201048;201201047)~~

摘　　要：为探明锥状工程堆积体坡面薄层水流剥蚀率与水力要素之间的关系,室内模拟赣北红土区散乱锥状工程堆积体。通过人工降雨试验,设计4种降雨强度（1.0~2.5 mm/min）和3种砾石含量（10%~30%）完全组合。采用灰色关联度分析法,评估坡面水力参数与土壤剥蚀率之间的关联度。结果表明：1在试验条件下,坡面水流功率与土壤剥蚀率呈幂函数关系;2当堆积体砾石含量一定时,以降雨强度为变量能反映堆积体坡面水力参数与土壤剥蚀率之间的关联度;3当降雨强度一定时,大雨强下（≥1.5 mm/min）堆积体砾石含量不宜作为灰色关联度分析的变量。综上所述,水流功率是描述赣北红土区锥状工程堆积体侵蚀过程的最佳水力参数,可用于建立堆积体侵蚀物理模型。The relationship of sheet-flow erosion and hydraulic factors on tapered engineering spoil bank slopes was investigated by laboratory simulation of scattered,tapered spoil banks in the red soil region of northern Jiangxi Province,China. An artificial rainfall experiment was conducted using a complete combinatorial design of four rainfall intensities（ 1. 0—2. 5 mm / min） and three gravel contents（ 10%—30%）. Gray relational analysis was performed to assess the correlation between hydraulic parameters and soil detachment rate on the spoil bank slopes. The results showed that： 1 Under the experimental conditions,there was a power function relationship between stream power and soil detachment rate; 2 With a fixed gravel content of spoil bank,the analysis with rainfall intensity as a variable could reflect the correlation between hydraulic parameters and soil detachment rate on the spoil bank slopes; 3 Under a fixed rainfall intensity of greater than 1. 5 mm / min,it was unsuitable to use the gravel content of spoil bank as a variable of gray relational analysis. In conclusion,stream power is the optimal hydraulic parameter to describe the erosion process of tapered engineering spoil banks,and it can be used to construct physical models of spoil bank erosion in the red soil region of northern Jiangxi.

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀 工程堆积体 灰色关联度 水力参数 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学] S152.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]