核桃品种微卫星标记的筛选与鉴别  

SSR screening and identification of walnut(Juglans regia) cultivars

作　　者：史丽会[1,2] 朱鹏[1,2] 魏童[1,2] 张丽[1,2] 蒲光兰[1,2] 何汶椿 黄雄[1,2] 肖千文[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学生态林业研究所.长江上游林业生态工程重点实验室,成都611130 [2]四川农业大学.华西雨屏区生态环境监测站.长江上游生态安全协同创新中心,成都611130

出　　处：《果树学报》2016年第7期783-793,共11页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：四川省教育厅重点项目(编号:13ZA0266);四川省农作物育种攻关项目(2011NZ0098-10)

摘　　要：【目的】筛选合适的微卫星标记,以便精确、快速、高效、可靠地鉴定核桃品种。【方法】从已报道的核桃微卫星引物遴选出22对引物,对5个川早系列核桃品种和2个四川乡土核桃进行鉴别。【结果】经过筛选和比对重复,有15个位点获得了清晰、准确、一致的等位基因信息。15个位点共获得了64个等位基因,平均等位基因数为4.2个,平均表观杂合度为0.648;平均无偏期望杂合度为0.704,表现出了很高的多态性。少数几个位点(wga001、wga032、wga148、wga004与wga079组合、wga349与zmz39组合,wga349与zmz22组合,wga202与zmz05组合,zmz35与zmz44组合等)就可以有效地对供试核桃品种进行鉴定。【结论】15个筛选出的微卫星位点表现出很好的品种鉴别能力,为川早系列核桃品种的鉴定提供了技术支持,也为建立应用更为广泛的核桃品种微卫星鉴别体系提供了一定的借鉴。[Objective 1The walnut （Juglans regia L.） is an important non-timber tree species that belongs to the family Juglandaceae and is extensively cultivated in China. In recent decades, with rapid progress in walnut breeding, a large number of new varieties were developed, promoting the rapid development of the walnut industry. However, some new varieties, due to being derived from Several common ancestors, have a narrow genetic basis with small genetic differences and also small morphological differences, leading to difficulties in variety identification and in turn protection of plant breeders＇ right （PBR）. Tradition- ally, morphology, pollen morphology, cytology and isoenzyme are the main techniques to identify walnut species and cuhivars, but with the increase in the varieties and the decrease in genetic variation among them, distinguishing from different varieties is becoming more and more difficult using traditional techniques. Simple sequence repeat （SSR）, or microsatellite, is a stretch of DNA consisting of tandem repeating 2-6 nucleotide units, which has been shown to be ubiquitous in most eukaryotic genomes. Currently SSR has been widely used in studies and practices for variety identification in many species. To identify walnut cultivars quickly, efficiently and reliably, we conducted this study to select a set of suitable SSR makers for walnut identification, which would benefit the protection of plant breeders＇ rights and the healthy development of the walnut industry. [Methods ] 22 pairs of primers （i.e. wga001, wga004, wga009, wga032, wga054, wga069, wga070, wga079, wga142, wga148, wga202, wga256, wga276, wga349, wga376, zmz05, zmz22, zmz27, zmz31, zmz35, zmz39, and zmz44） were selected from primers previously reported in J. nigra andJ. regia, according to their polymorphism. The research materials used are five walnut culti- vars of ＇ Chuanzao＇ （＇Chuanzao 1＇,＇ Chuanzao 2＇,＇ Shuangzao＇, ＇Zaofeng＇, and ＇ Shuling＇）, which are the improved hybrid cultivars br

关 键 词：核桃 微卫星 品种鉴别 亲缘关系 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]