新疆早实核桃和晚实核桃叶绿素荧光特征差异比较  

A comparative study of chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics between early fruiting and late fruiting walnut cultivars in Xinjiang

作　　者：全绍文 曹福军[1,2] 牛建新[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]特色果蔬栽培生理与种质资源利用兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《果树学报》2016年第7期832-840,共9页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：新疆重大科技专项(201130102-1-4);国家自然科学基金(30560090)

摘　　要：【目的】明确新疆2个核桃类群的需光特性，为其在高光热大田条件下的丰产栽培管理提供理论参考。【方法】应用调制荧光成像系统（Imaging—PAM），以新疆2个早实和2个晚实核桃品种为试材，从叶片荧光参数成像异质性、荧光参数日变化、光饱和点及光补偿点方面入手，比较了早实、晚实品种间的荧光特征差异。【结果】早实和晚实品种间的叶片荧光成像异质性差异明显，其中早实品种初始荧光参数波动（13．22％）明显高于晚实品种荧光波动参数（8．66％）（P〈0．05）。荧光参数日变化均值显示：早实品种的最大荧光参数Fm以及调节性耗散量子产额Y（NPQ）指标低于晚实品种（PFm〈0．01，PY（NPQ），〈0．05），而PSⅡ的实际光化学效率Y（Ⅱ）指标高于晚实品种（P〈0．05）。此外，早实品种的光饱和点（1179～1187μmol．m^-2．s^-1）高于晚实品种的光饱和点（1056～1076μmol·m^-2·s^-1）。【结论】早实品种和晚实品种的叶绿素荧光特征存在差异，早实品种较晚实品种有着更强烈的需光特性。[Objective] In order to compare the physiological differences between early and late fruiting walnut varieties, and provide theoretical reference for high yield cultivation walnuts under high light and high temperature conditions in Xinjiang, the characteristic of the chlorophyll fluorescence in early and late walnut cultivars in Xinjiang was studied in this experiment. [ Methods ] Two early fruiting walnut cultivats （＇Xinxin 2#＇ and ＇Xinzaofeng＇） and two late fruiting walnut cultivars （＇Wuhuo＇ and ＇Hetian 1#＇） in Xinjiang were used as the materials, the walnut trees were twenty years old and planted according to the conventional cultivation management with spacing 3 m×5 m. All the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of leaves were measured by the modulation imaging system Imaging-PAM （WALZ, Germany） with a small probe/B IMAG-MINI, and the climatic data were collected using a CIRAS-3 type photosynthetic measurement system （ PP-System, USA）. The experiment was conducted in June 2015 in the national fruit germplasm collection garden in Luntai, Xinjiang, where it was generally sunny and windless from 9：00-19：00. Mature intact leaves were selected for the measurements which were conducted every two hours in simulated natural conditions. For each sample, we measured three leaves and chose three 1 cm2 AOI （Area of Interest） for each leaf avoiding the leaf veins. We used the mean value as the result of the sample. The measurements of the minimum fluorescence and the maximum fluorescence were conducted after 20 minutes of dark adaptation. Then the fluorescence kinetic curve program was run with the actinic light turned On. The related parameters including initial fluorescence （Fo）, maximal fluorescence （F,） and relative apparent electron transport rate （rETR）, the actual photochemical efficiency of PS Ⅱ （Y （Ⅱ））, the maximal PS Ⅱ15hotochemical efficiency （Fv/Fm） and quantum yield of conditioning energy dissipation （ENpQ）） were collected. The fa

关 键 词：核桃 荧光成像 日变化 早实 晚实 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]