枇杷果实类胡萝卜素研究进展  

Advances in studies on carotenoids in loquat fruit

作　　者：刘小洪[1] 孙海艳[1] 陈薇薇[1] 郭启高[1] 李晓林[1] 梁国鲁[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学园艺园林学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《果树学报》2016年第7期874-881,共8页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目(2013BAD02B02);中央高校基本业务费专项(XDJK2014D046;XDJK2015C054)

摘　　要：类胡萝卜素是成熟枇杷果实的主要色素,其种类和含量决定果实的外观品质和营养价值。枇杷根据果肉颜色分为白肉枇杷和红肉枇杷2种类型,不同类型颜色的差异是由枇杷类胡萝卜素的种类及主要类胡萝卜素的含量差异所致。笔者综述了近年来国内外学者在枇杷果实类胡萝卜素研究方面取得的进展,阐述了枇杷果实类胡萝卜素的种类和含量、枇杷果实发育和贮藏过程中类胡萝卜素含量的变化规律、生物合成途径中相关基因的表达,以及质体结构与类胡萝卜素积累的关系,提出了今后的研究方向。Carotenoids are the second most abundant naturally occurring pigments and play key roles in numerous plant biological processes. Carotenoids have a β-ring end group and are the precursors of vitamin A that has fundamental role for animal nutrition, including humans, which cannot synthesize this vitamin. Although there are hundreds of carotenoid structures in nature world, it can be classified in two major classes： carotenes （hydrocarbons that can be cyclized at one or both ends of the molecule） and xanthophylls （oxygenated derivatives of carotenes）. Carotenoids are important components responsible for the colouration of fruits. Loquat （Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.） belong to the Rosaceae family and carotenoids are the major pigments in mature fruit. The plant originated in southeastern of China and has been commercially cultivated in China, Japan, Spain, Turkey and some other countries. Both content and compositionof carotenoids affect fruit pigmentation and nutritional value. The color of loquat fruits varies with cultivats from yellow to orange red in the peel and white to orange in the flesh. Loquat cuhivars are usually sorted into white- and red-fleshed groups according to the flesh color. The pulp of red-fleshed loquat ap- pears red-orange because of abundant content of carotenoids while white-fleshed ones appears ivory white because of a low level carotenoid content. This paper reviewed the achievements of the studies on carotenoids of loquat fruit. The composition and content of carotenoids of red- and white-fleshed loquats were analysed, And the carotenoids content in the peel and flesh of red-fleshed cultivars are higher than those of white-fleshed ones. the total carotenoids content were lower in the flesh than in the peel in same variety; β-Carotene and lutein were the major carotenoids in the peel, β- Carotene and β-cryptoxanthin were the most abundant carotenoids in the flesh in some red-fleshed cultivars. The change rules during fruit development and storage were studied, Carotenoid

关 键 词：枇杷 果实 类胡萝卜素 生物合成 质体 

分 类 号：S667.3[农业科学—果树学]