环渤海地区1980—2012年能见度变化特征  

Variation Characteristics of Visibility in Bohai Rim Region from 1980 to 2012

作　　者：郭军[1] 任雨[1] 傅宁[2] 何群[3] 

机构地区：[1]天津市气候中心,天津300074 [2]中国民航大学,天津300300 [3]云南省气候中心,昆明650034

出　　处：《气象科技》2016年第3期416-422,共7页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：2015年中央高校项目(3122015D019);中新科技合作计划"中新生态城微气候改善研究"资助

摘　　要：利用环渤海地区365个地面气象站1980—2012年逐日能见度观测资料,统计分析了该地区能见度的变化特征以及不同等级能见度的主要影响因子。结果表明：环渤海地区能见度的主要气候特征是春秋季高、冬季低。1980—2012年平均能见度下降最大的区域位于太行山和燕山山脉的迎风坡,也是平均能见度较低的区域。环渤海地区整体而言,能见度小于等于1km主要是水滴造成的,能见度1~10km范围内,颗粒物、气体污染物的影响随能见度的增大而增大。水滴和颗粒物、气体污染物对不同等级能见度的影响存在一定空间差异。The variation characteristics of visibility in the Bohai Rim region and the main contributors for different levels of visibility are examined statistically,using the daily visibility observations from 365 meteorological stations from 1980 to 2012.The results indicate that the region is mainly characterized by higher visibility in spring and autumn and lower in winter.During the period of 1980 to 2012,the maximum decline rate in annually averaged visibility is detected in the Taihang Mountains and the windward slope of the Yanshan Mountains,where are characterized by lower average visibility.Overall,water droplets are the primary contributor to visibility of less than 1km in the Bohai Rim region,but the contribution of PM2.5 trends to increase with visibility,in the range of 1 km to 10 km visibility.Additionally,the spatial differences in the impact of water droplet and PM10、PM2.5for different levels of visibility are addressed.

关 键 词：能见度 水滴 颗粒物和气体污染物 环渤海 

分 类 号：P444[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]