穴居鼠通讯方式及通讯功能研究进展  

Progress on Communication Modes of Subterranean Rodents

作　　者：卫万荣[1] 张灵菲[1] 张小刚[1] 张卫国[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草地农业科技学院草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《草地学报》2016年第2期278-285,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201203041)资助

摘　　要：通讯是当今动物生态学研究的热点之一,而穴居鼠特殊的生活环境导致其通讯方式与其他小哺乳动物有很大区别。本文着重就穴居鼠的3种通讯方式——声讯、震动和化学通讯及3种通讯的功能进行了概述。声音通讯是其通过发声器官产生声音进行信息传递,由于穴居鼠的听力被严格限制在低频范围,因此其发声能量主要集中在低频域,声音包含信息较多,如领域标记、竞争、求爱和性交等,特别对独居物种而言在繁殖期有重要作用;震动通讯是穴居鼠特定的躯体部位敲击洞壁产生震动进行信息传递,主要功能为非繁殖期护域和繁殖期的求偶信息;化学通讯借助化学信息素进行信息传递,该通讯方式有诸多优点,能绕过障碍物、能耗低,不需近距离接触,传播距离较远且持续时间较长,在性别和繁殖状况等信息传递中起主要作用。Communication is one of the focuses of animal ecology.Because of the special living environment,the communication modes of subterranean rodents are obvious different from other small mammals.On the basis of article reading,the three communication modes——acoustic、seismic,and chemical communication of subterranean rodents were summarized.Acoustic communication is a communication mode by means of sound produced by vocal organs of subterranean rodents.The hearing capacity and sound energy of subterranean rodents are strictly limited in the low frequency region.Vocal can be used to territory marking,competition,courting and mating,which especially plays an important role for solitary subterranean rodents in the breeding season.Seismic communication is the process to convey information through knock the hole wall by specific part of the body,It mainly uses for protecting territory and courtship.Chemical communication uses chemical pheromone to convey information and has many advantages：bypassing obstacle,less energy consumption,with no need of close body contact,spreading longer distance,and duration more time.For subterranean rodents with degraded visual senese,chemical communication plays an important role in conveying information such as gender and reproductive status.

关 键 词：通讯 穴居鼠 信息传递 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]