甘南玛曲不同年龄欧拉型藏羊放牧采食量季节动态研究  

Seasonal Dynamics Research on Grazing Intake of Oula Tibetan Sheep at Different Ages in Gannan Maqu

作　　者：吴铁成[1,2] 吴建平[1] 赵生国[1] 焦婷[2] 九麦扎西 梁建勇[2] 刘振恒 卡召加 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]草业学院草业生态系统教育部重点实验室中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘南藏族自治州夏河县动物疫病预防控制中心,甘肃夏河747100 [4]甘肃省玛曲县草原站,甘肃玛曲747300 [5]甘肃省甘南藏族自治州河曲马场,甘肃玛曲747300

出　　处：《草地学报》2016年第2期317-321,共5页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：甘肃省高等学校科研项目(2013A-064);国家绒毛用羊产业技术体系放牧草地生态岗位项目(CARS-40-09B)资助

摘　　要：为确立高寒地区天然草地欧拉型藏羊放牧采食量的季节动态变化,本试验采用TiO_2外源指示剂法和瘤胃尼龙袋法分别测定欧拉型藏羊不同季节排粪量和牧草消化率从而计算放牧采食量。结果表明:玛曲高寒草地牧草干物质消化率(DMD)和粗蛋白(CP)含量夏季显著(P<0.05)高于冬春季与秋季;欧拉型藏羊各年龄段排粪量3季差异显著(P<0.05)且秋季>夏季>冬春季;随着年龄增长,欧拉型藏羊三季牧草采食量均有增大的趋势,同年龄段不同季节的藏羊采食量和代谢采食量(除4岁母羊)差异显著(P<0.05)且秋季>夏季>冬春季;各年龄段藏羊累计牧草消耗量(AFC)差异显著(P<0.05)分别为339.37,757.58,1185.93和1655.61kg。由此可见,牧草干机物质消化率、排粪量和采食量夏秋季较高、冬春季较低,随着年龄增大排粪量和采食量有增高的趋势。因此,在高寒牧区应提倡草地季节性畜牧业,充分考虑牧草营养与动物营养需求之间的耦合性来提高经济和生态效益。In order to establish the dynamic changes of Oula Tibetan sheep grazing intake on natural grassland in alpine region,the experiment used TiO_2 exogenous indicator and rumen nylon bag method to measure feces amount and digestibility of Oula Tibetan sheep in different seasons,and thereby calculated feed intake.The results showed that：Forage dry matter digestibility（DMD）of Oula Tibetan sheep in summer was higher than others;feces amount of different age Oula Tibetan sheep had significant difference in those seasons,autumn 〉summer〉 winter ＆spring.As age increased,feed intake of Oula Tibetan in all seasons had an increasing trend.Feed intake and metabolic feed intake（except 4-year old ewe）of the same age Oula Tibetan sheep in different seasons had significant difference（P〈0.05）,autumn 〉summer〉winter spring.Accumulated forage consumption（AFC）were significantly different（P〈0.05）among all ages Tibetan sheep,339.37,757.58,1185.93,and 1655.61 kg,respectively.In all,dry matter digest-ibility,feces amount and feed intake of Oula Tibetan sheep were higher in summer and autumn than in winter and spring,and feces amount and feed intake had a tendency to increase with increasing of age.Therefore,the coupling between forage nutrition and animal nutritional requirements should be fully taken into account to improve economic and ecological benefits as well as the development of the seasonal Livestock.

关 键 词：欧拉型藏羊 放牧采食量 牧草消化率 TiO2外源指示剂 季节动态 

分 类 号：S826.83[农业科学—畜牧学]