松嫩草地羊草种子发育进程、休眠特性及与盐碱耐性关系的研究  被引量:12

Research on Seed Development,Dormancy Characters and Relations to Salt-alkaline Tolerance of Leymus chinensis from Songnen Grassland

在线阅读下载全文

作  者:蔺吉祥[1,2] 穆春生[2] 

机构地区:[1]东北林业大学盐碱地生物资源环境研究中心东北油田盐碱植被恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]东北师范大学草地科学研究所植被生态科学教育部重点实验室,吉林长春130024

出  处:《草地学报》2016年第2期479-482,共4页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基  金:国家自然科学基金(31502013);黑龙江省自然科学基金(C2015060);哈尔滨市科技创新人专项资金(2013RFQXJ022);植被生态科学教育部重点实验室开放基金(130026529)资助

摘  要:羊草(Leymus chinensis)是禾本科赖草属根茎型优质禾草,不但营养价值高、适口性好,而且具有较强的耐旱、耐寒和耐盐碱性。羊草既是东北松嫩平原的优势种,也是干旱与半干旱地区建植人工草地的优良草种。近年来,随着畜牧业的发展及生态环境治理力度的加大,人工羊草草地不断建植,为此,人们对羊草种子的需求量与品质的要求也越来越高。本文通过研究羊草种子的发育进程、休眠特性及与盐碱耐性的关系,一方面明确羊草种子的最适宜收获时间,为农业生产上收获高品质羊草种子提供科学依据,另一方面挖掘羊草种子的发芽潜能、深入解析抗逆机理,为提高其利用率及抗逆新品种的选育提供理论基础。主要研究结果与结论如下:(1)通过对羊草种子发育动态的研究结果表明,羊草种子在发育过程中,随着成熟度的不断提高,种子的颜色由绿色变为浅绿色,再变成黄色,最后变为棕黑色。种子千粒重不断增加,在盛花后33d达到最大值,之后趋于恒定。含水量与种子浸出液电导率则呈下降趋势,含水量在盛花后36d达到最小值,而2个试验年份电导率值有所差异,分别在盛花后27和30d达到最小值。标准发芽试验结果显示,羊草种子在盛花后39d发芽率最高,此时种子的开始发芽时间、50%种子发芽时间、发芽势等指标均为最优。尽管加速老化试验的发芽指标与标准发芽试验略有差异,但是盛花后39d的种子同样具有最强的抗老化能力。上述试验结果表明,盛花后39d羊草种子活力最高,品质最佳,是种子最适宜的收获时间。(2)不同成熟度的羊草种子对土壤埋深与盐碱胁迫具有不同的响应方式。羊草种子出苗与其后的幼苗生长能力随着种埋深度的增加而降低,1cm是最适宜的播种深度,此时的出苗率最高、出苗时间最短,并且叶片与根系长度与生物量最大;另外不同成熟度的羊草种子表现Leymus chinensis(Trin.)Tzvel.is a perennial rhizomatous high quality species of the Poaceae family.It not only has high forage values and good palatability,but also has great tolerant to drought,cold and salt-alkaline conditions.This plant is a dominant grass species in Songnen Plain of Northern China,and also considered an ideal grass for rangeland use in the arid and semiarid regions.In recent years,with the development of animal husbandry and the great efforts on the ecological environment,artificial Leymus chinensis grasslands were constantly built.Therefore,the request on the quantity and quality of the seeds was also higher and higher.In this paper,we investigated seed development,dormancy characters and salt-alkaline tolerance of Leymus chinensis.On the one hand,we clearly determined the optimum seed harvest time of this species,providinga scientific basis for agricultural production and high quality seed harvest.On the other hand,we excavated the seed germinating potential,deeply analysed the stress tolerance mechanism,and provided a theoretical basis for the utilization rate and breeding new varieties of Leymus chinensis.The main results and conclusions in our experiments were listed as follows:(1)Results of seed development of Leymus chinensis showed that,seed color changed from green to light green,yellow and heavy brown into the final along with the seed maturity.1000-seed weight increased constantly,and reached highest at 33 dafter peak anthesis.However,water content and electric conductivity of the seeds showed a declining trend,water content reached lowest at 36 dafter peak anthe-sis,and the values of electric conductivity of the two experimental years were different,which reached minimum at 27 and 30dafter peak anthesis,respectively.The results of standard germination test showed that germination percentage was highest at 39 dafter peak anthesis.At this time,germination starting days,50% germination days and germination energy were all reached the optimal value.Although a slight differen

关 键 词:羊草种子 发育动态 种子休眠 盐碱胁迫 温度  萌发 幼苗生长 

分 类 号:S543.9[农业科学—作物学] Q945.78[生物学—植物学]

 

参考文献:

正在载入数据...

 

二级参考文献:

正在载入数据...

 

耦合文献:

正在载入数据...

 

引证文献:

正在载入数据...

 

二级引证文献:

正在载入数据...

 

同被引文献:

正在载入数据...

 

相关期刊文献:

正在载入数据...

相关的主题
相关的作者对象
相关的机构对象