不同施钾水平对油茶树体生长和林地养分含量的影响  

Effects of different K fertilizer application levels on growth of Camellia oleifera tree and nutrient contents in forest land

作　　者：罗汉东 雷先高[2] 朱丛飞 罗玉娇[2] 郭晓敏[2] 牛德奎[1] 胡冬南[2] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西农业大学江西省森林培育重点实验室,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《经济林研究》2016年第2期1-6,共6页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：国家"十三五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B14);江西春源绿色食品有限公司委托项目(CYKJ01);国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)项目(Jiangxi-29)

摘　　要：为了确定油茶幼林钾肥最适施用量,从而为油茶的科学施肥提供理论依据,以‘赣无’系列的5年生油茶林分为试验对象,设置了5个钾素水平处理（K0、K1、K2、K3、K4）,1个施用复合肥的对照处理（CKFHF）和1个不施肥的处理对照（CK0）,就不同施肥处理对油茶树体生长、叶片养分积累和土壤养分含量的影响情况进行了试验、测定与分析。结果表明：施肥均能显著提高油茶树体各生长指标的增幅和叶片及土壤中各种养分的含量;随着施钾水平的提高,油茶树体各生长指标的增幅和叶片中各种养分的含量均随之增加,K3处理的达到最大值,复合肥处理的肥效小于K2处理;随着施钾水平的提高,油茶林地土壤中速效钾和有机质的含量均显著性增加,而土壤中碱解氮和有效磷的含量则随着施钾水平的提高均先减小后增加,K4处理的降到最小值;对油茶叶片中的钾含量、土壤中的速效钾含量与施钾量进行拟合,得出其响应曲线,并确定了对油茶幼树施用钾肥的最适用量范围为317.72～322.25 g/株。In order to find the optimum K fertilizer application levels for young C. oleifera forest, and to provide some theoretical basis for scientific fertilization, using five-year trees of ＇Ganwu＇ series, effects of different fertilizer treatments on tree growth, nutrient accumulation in leaves and nutrient contents in soil were investigated. The treatments included five K element levels （K0, K1, K2, K3, K4）, a control treatment of applying compound （CKFHF） and another control treatment of no fertilization （CK0）. The results showed that fertilization could significantly improve increments of the growth indexes of C. oleifera trees and nutrient contents in leaves and soil. As the level of K fertilizer application rate was increased, increments of the growth indexes of C. oleifera trees and nutrient contents in leaves were increased and the highest values were reached in K3 treatment, and the efficacy of CKFHF treatment was less than that in K2 treatment. With improvement of K application level, available K and organic matter contents in soil were significantly increased, and alkali solution N and available P contents in soil were firstly decreased and then increased, and reached the lowest value in 1（4 treatment. The response curves of K content in leaf and soil to K application amount were obtained, and the optimum application level of K fertilizer （317.72-322.25 g per plant） was determined.

关 键 词：油茶 施钾水平 生长指标 叶片养分 土壤养分 相关性 

分 类 号：S606.2[农业科学—园艺学] S794.4