江汉平原地区韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的发生特点  

Occurrence characteristics of Bradysia odoriphaga in Jianghan Plain Area

作　　者：谢超[1] 贺敏[2] 李传仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]长江大学昆虫研究所,湖北荆州434025 [2]北京市农林科学院植保环保所,北京100097

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2016年第3期535-540,共6页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303027)

摘　　要：韭菜迟眼蕈蚊Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang在湖北江汉平原韭菜集中产区危害严重。在湖北荆州地区于2013-2014年对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的田间种群动态进行了系统调查,发现该害虫一年发生春(3月中旬至5月上旬)、秋(9月中旬至翌年1月)2个危害高峰,但秋季危害高峰的危害期长且发生严重;夏季适温多雨导致韭蛆危害;幼虫最喜栖息和危害韭菜第一球茎,但秋季对白色茎的危害性增加;成虫可以在田间扩散,扩散时飞行高度主要在50 cm以上。因此,韭蛆在江汉平原地区韭菜的危害主要集中在秋季和冬初。Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang infested large-scale cultivated Chinese chive seriously in Jianghan Plain Area of Hubei Province. The population dynamics of B. odoriphaga in Jingzhou City of Hubei Province was investigated during 2013 and 2014. The results revealed that the pest occurred for two damage peaks per year,of which one was spring peak from mid-March to early May and another was autumn peak from mid-September to next January. The autumn peak lasted longer and damaged more seriously. In summer,B. odoriphaga could damage the host when the weather was humid and with appropriate temperatures. The results also showed that the first bulb of Chinese chive was the most favorite part for the larvae although the harm to the white stems of Chinese chive increased in autumn. Adults could spread between fields with a highest flight height of 50 cm. Consequently,for B. odoriphaga,the most serious damage to Chinese chive occurred during autumn and early winter in Jianghan Plain Area.

关 键 词：韭菜迟眼蕈蚊 江汉平原 韭菜 种群动态 栖境 扩散 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S436.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]