北京常见药用植物资源及其开发利用研究  

Investigation and Utilization of Medicinal Plant Resources in Beijing

作　　者：李丹丹[1] 蒋玮 秦岭[3] 胡俊 田晔林[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京农学院园林学院,北京102206 [2]北京市水源保护林试验工作站,北京100029 [3]北京农学院植物科技学院,北京102206

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2016年第16期105-109,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：北京市科委"林下经济耐荫植物选育及开发"(D141100004014003)

摘　　要：为了全面了解和进一步保护利用北京常见药用植物资源,文章运用实地调查和查阅文献法,得出北京常见药用植物有98科314属473种。生活型包括乔木、灌木、木质藤本和草本4种类型,其中草本药用植物最多,占总种数的85%。区系分析显示,北京常见药用植物中北温带分布最多,占总属数的23.57%。按入药部位不同北京常见药用植物可分为根及根茎类、茎木类、皮类、叶类、花类、果实种子类和全草(全株)类8种类型,其中全草(全株)类药用植物最多,占总种数的45%。北京常见药用植物资源的应用类型主要有纯药用、药食两用及药赏两用植物。从生态型来看,北京常见药用植物资源的生态型有喜阴植物与喜阳植物。文章结合调查结果以及北京市林下经济发展的需求,提出了开发利用的建议。The paper aims to get a comprehensive understanding of the medicinal plant resources in Beijing,and enhance their protection and utilization. The paper used ways of field investigation and literature review.The results showed that there were 473 species of medicinal plants belonging to 314 genera and 98 families inBeijing. The plant life type included tree, shrub, woody vine and herb. Herbal medicinal plant was the biggesttype, accounting for 85% of all medicinal plants in Beijing. In the areal-types of genera of medicinal plants inBeijing, 23.57% of all medicinal plants belonged to the north temperate zone. According to parts that used formedicine, medicinal plants could be divided into root and rhizome, stem, bark, leaves, flowers, fruit or seed andwhole plant type. The whole plant type accounted for 45% of all medicinal plants in Beijing. The applicationtypes of medicinal plants in Beijing were medicinal plants plants used for medicine and food, plants used formedicine and ornamental. According to different ecotypes, there were heliophile and shade- requiringmedicinal plants in Beijing. In order to further protect and utilize the medicinal plant resources in Beijing, incombining with the investigation results and the requirement of the under-forestry economy development, somesuggestions were put forward.

关 键 词：北京 药用植物资源 开发利用 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培] S79[农业科学—作物学]