信息化在美国国家油气管道监管体系中的作用  

Role of informatization in the national pipeline regulation system of the United States

作　　者：周利剑[1] 李振宇[1] 贾韶辉[1] 唐森 张雨杉 

机构地区：[1]中国石油管道科技研究中心中国石油天然气集团公司油气储运重点实验室 [2]中国石油北京油气调控中心调度一处 [3]中油山东天然气管道有限公司

出　　处：《油气储运》2016年第6期571-576,共6页Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation

基　　金：中国石油集团公司投资项目“石油天然气长输管道安全普查数据库技术研究”;科技股2014-1

摘　　要：美国拥有世界上最复杂和庞大的油气管道输送系统,监管工作挑战巨大,为满足不同部门和机构监管需求,逐步建立起以联邦各职能部门、各州政府、各种技术协会、管道运营商和公众互为依存的管道监管体系。在体系运转中,充分依托信息化的技术和手段,根据不同的监管权力划分,建设了国家管道地图系统等信息平台,为保障管道安全,制定完整性计划等具体监管要求提供了有效的工具。基于此,分析了美国实施管道监管过程中的具体需求,研究了信息化在监管体系中发挥的作用,介绍了美国在管道监管的信息化中开展的相关工作,指出我国可以从美国油气管道监管体系中得到启示,通过开展信息化工作,加强管道的安全和经济监管。The oil and gas pipeline transportation system of the United States is the largest and the most complicated in the world, so its regulation is a big challenge. In order to meet the regulation requirements of different departments and agencies, a pipeline regulation system in which federal ministries, state governments, professional associations, pipeline operators and the public are dependent on each other has been established gradually. Based on the division of regulation powers, information platforms（e.g. national pipeline mapping system） are established by using information technologies and measures, and they can act as effective tools to guarantee pipeline safety and formulate integrity plans. In this paper, the pipeline regulation system of the United States was analyzed in detail in terms of specific requirements, role of informatization, and activities involved in the informatization. Accordingly, it was pointed out that China could learn from the pipeline regulation system of the United States to strengthen safety and economic regulation of pipelines by means of informatization.

关 键 词：信息化 管道监管体系 管道安全 

分 类 号：TE88[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]