新会区铅作业人员血铅和血锌原卟啉测定结果探讨  

Investigation on the determination results of blood lead and ZPP among lead exposure workers in Xinhui district

作　　者：李银凤[1] 冯婉丽[1] 梁玉潮[1] 李玉萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]江门市新会区疾病预防控制中心,广东江门529100

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2016年第12期1790-1791,1794,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的了解新会区铅接触工人血铅和血锌原卟啉(ZPP)水平。方法选择新会区2家蓄电池厂253名铅作业人员作为研究对象,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定血铅,用ZPP-3800型血液锌原卟啉测定仪测定ZPP,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定作业车间空气中的铅烟及铅尘的浓度。结果 A蓄电池厂空气中铅烟和铅尘含量不超标,铅作业工人血铅浓度平均值为223.9 g/L±86.31 g/L,ZPP浓度平均值为1.43 mol/L±0.47 mol/L;B蓄电池厂空气中铅烟和铅尘含量超标率分别为20%和30%,铅作业工人血铅浓度平均值为323.17 g/L±96.77 g/L,ZPP浓度平均值为1.80 mol/L±0.60 mol/L;两蓄电池厂铅作业人员血铅和ZPP检测的超标率差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为5.95、14.85,P<0.05);两厂男性和女性铅作业工人Pb B浓度与ZPP浓度均存在相关性(r值分别为0.970、0.929,P<0.01)。结论建议铅作业工厂改进生产工艺,改良作业场所的工作环境,对铅作业工人进行定期职业健康体检。Objective To investigate the levels of the blood lead and blood zinc protoporphyrin among occupational exposure workers in Xinhui district. Methods 263 workers in lead exposure workplaces from 2 battery manufactories were chosen as subjects in Xinhui district. The blood lead level was detected by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry; the ZPP concentration was detected by ZPP- 3800 zinc protoporphyrin instrument; the concentrations of lead fume and lead air in workplace were detected by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Results The lead fume and lead air in factory A did not exceed the corresponding standard,the average value of blood lead was 223. 9 μg / L ± 86. 31 μg / L and the average ZPP concentration was1. 43 mol / L ± 0. 47 mol / L in the lead exposure workers; the over rate of the lead fume and dust was 20% and 30% in factory B,the average rates of the blood lead was 323. 17 μg / L ± 96. 77 μg / L and ZPP was 1. 80 mol / L ± 0. 60 mol / L; the over rates differences of blood lead and ZPP had statistical significance between the 2 battery factories（ χ^2= 5. 95,14. 85,P〈0. 05）; the concentration of blood lead was related with the concentration of ZPP in male and female workers（ r = 0. 970,0. 929,P〈0. 01）. Conclusion It is recommended to improve the production process,the working environment of the work place,and carry out regular occupational health examination for the lead exposed workers.

关 键 词：血锌原卟啉 血铅 铅烟和铅尘 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生]