基于病人自体肿瘤细胞体外培养模型的个体化精准用药  

Precise Medicine in Cancer Treatment via Patient Derived in Vitro Tumor Model

作　　者：朱路[1,2] 勾越阳 鄢晓君 周律[1] 廖泉[3] 王斌[4] 叶春祥[5] 冯长江[6] 杜亚楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学医学院生物医学工程系,北京100084 [2]军事医学科学院卫生装备研究所,天津300161 [3]北京协和医院外科,北京100032 [4]北京大学人民医院骨关节科,北京100044 [5]北京大学人民医院胃肠外科,北京100044 [6]北京大学人民医院胸外科,北京100044

出　　处：《中国医疗设备》2016年第6期13-18,35,共7页China Medical Devices

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81171474;51273106;51461165302);北京市自然科学基金(157142090)

摘　　要：精准医疗概念的提出为肿瘤治疗开创了新的时代。利用基因测序技术精准地找到患者基因突变靶标,采取针对性的化疗药物治疗,对癌细胞完成"精确打击"成为肿瘤治疗的新模式。然而,由于癌细胞基因的不稳定性,仅仅采用基因测序这种间接方式,在大多数情况下并不足以给出最合理的用药方案。而精准医疗不仅仅是基因测序,还包括了多层面医疗技术的使用。利用病人自体肿瘤细胞体外模型对候选药物或药物组合进行精确的药理分析和药效检测,是一种更为直接、更为准确的肿瘤诊治模式。将基因筛选与体外肿瘤模型分析相结合,可以更大程度上的筛选出对病人个体有效的化疗药物,从而最终实现对患者进行个体化精准用药的目的。本文对基于病人自体肿瘤细胞体外模型指导个性化用药的发展历程、现状及未来展望进行了综述。The concept of precise medicine opens a new gate for cancer treatment. Nowadays, gene mutations possibly responsible for chemotherapeutic sensitivity can be pinpointed based on the Whole Genome Sequencing（WGS） technology to attack the tumor targeting to specific mutation. However, gene sequencing probably is not capable of providing the most suitable drug usage solution due to tumor genetic instability. In addition to the WGS, precise medicine also includes drug sensitivity testing. Chemo-sensitivity drug testing with patient derived primary tumor in vitro model can provide more direct and accurate medical indication compared with the WGS because critical information for drug usage, such as pharmacological analysis and drug efficiency, can be acquired simply. The combination of genetic analysis and in vitro model screening is helpful to find the most promising drug or drug combination for each patient and thus achieves the personalized medicine and increases tumor treatment efficiency. This paper discussed the history, status, perspectives of current method of patient derived tumor in vitro model.

关 键 词：精准医疗 病人自体肿瘤细胞 药敏检测 三维培养 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]