功能复合添加剂对牛粪厌氧发酵的影响  

Effect of the functional composite additives of dairy manure on anaerobic fermentation

作　　者：杜婷婷[1] 云斯宁[1] 黄欣磊 朱江[1] 李晶[1] 景红梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学材料与矿资学院功能材料研究所,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《可再生能源》2016年第6期936-942,共7页Renewable Energy Resources

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAD47B02)

摘　　要：为了缩短厌氧发酵反应周期,提高系统产气率和COD降解率,向以牛粪为发酵底物的发酵料液中分别添加功能添加剂(尿素、尿素和膨润土、尿素和活性炭),分析了厌氧发酵过程中日产气量、累积产气量和COD降解率的变化,并研究了各种功能添加剂及其加入量(添加剂的加入量以占湿牛粪的质量比计)对厌氧发酵的影响。结果表明:添加0.3%的尿素、0.3%的尿素和0.6%的膨润土、0.3%的尿素和0.8%的活性炭时,相对累积产气量分别较对照组提高了0.54%,33.97%,54.90%;而添加0.2%的尿素、0.3%的尿素和0.9%的膨润土、0.3%的尿素和0.9%的活性炭时,相对降解率分别达到了41.35%、103.75%和13.43%。通过添加复合添加剂,缩短了厌氧发酵的反应周期,产气率和COD降解率显著提高。功能添加剂不同组分之间的协同效应对厌氧发酵有显著的促进作用。To shorten the digestion time and to improve biogas production rate and COD degradation rate in the process of anaerobic fermentation of dairy manure, functional additives such as urea, urea/bentonite, and urea/activated carbon were added into the anaerobic fermentation, and then the influence of addition of these functional additive（The addition of these functional additive is calculated by mass ratio of wet dairy manure） on anaerobic fermentation of dairy manure were investigated. The results showed that： as compared with the control group, the relative cumulative biogas yield from the experimental groups with addition of urea（0.3%）, urea（0.3%） and bentonite（0.6%）, urea（0.3%） and activated carbon（0.8%） were enhanced by 0.54%, 33.97% and 54.90%, respectively. And the relative COD degradation rates from the experimental groups with addition of urea（0.3%）, urea（0.3%） and bentonite（0.9%）, urea（0.3%） and activated carbon（0.9%） were 41.35%, 103.75% and 13.43%,respectively. By adding the functional additive into the anaerobic fermentation, the anaerobic digestion time was shorten, biogas yield rate and COD degradation rate were increased significantly,which indicated the that synergetic effects among the different components of the composite functional additives play a significant role in promoting the anaerobic fermentation.

关 键 词：牛粪 厌氧发酵 协同催化 功能添加剂 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能] S216.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]