分层施磷对冬小麦生长及产量的影响  

Effects of Placing Phosphorus Fertilizer in Different Soil Layers on Winter Wheat Growth and Yield

作　　者：席天元[1] 李永山[1] 谢三刚[1] 刘青云 赵海祯[1] 梁哲军[1] 张建诚[1] 卫晓东[1] 王雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院棉花研究所,山西运城044000 [2]运城农业职业技术学院,山西运城044000

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2016年第3期112-118,共7页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD22B03-04)资助

摘　　要：为探明分层施磷对冬小麦生长发育和产量的影响,在大田采用PVC管栽培法,设置不施肥、0～20 cm单施氮肥、0～20 cm单施磷肥、0～20 cm施氮磷肥、分层施磷（1～20 cm,20～40 cm,40～50 cm）、40～50 cm深层施磷6个处理,比较了分层施磷的效应。结果表明,分层施磷明显促进了冬小麦生长发育,提高了地上部和根系干重,增加了下层根比例;与深层施磷、表层施磷和单施磷肥相比,分层施磷处理产量分别增加7.46%、16.16%和75.81%,磷素农学利用分别提高156.20%、43.71%和297.11%。分层施磷可提高冬小麦产量,提高磷肥利用效率。In order to study the effects of placing phosphorus fertilizer in different soil layers on winter wheat growth and yield with PVC tubes in a field,this study designed six treatments of blank control,single N at 0 ～ 20 cm depth,single P at 0 ～ 20 cm depth,subsurface manuring N and P at 0 ～ 20 cm depth,manuring P by layers at 0 ～ 20 cm,20 ～ 40 cm and 40 ～ 50 cm,and deep placing P at 40 ～ 50 cm in soil. The results showed the treatment of manuring phosphorus fertilizer by layers at 0 ～ 20 cm,20 ～ 40 cm and 40 ～ 50 cm depth in soil improved winter wheat growth,increased weights of aboveground parts and roots,improved root ratios in deeper soil layers. Compared with deep placing phosphorus at 40 ～ 50 cm,subsurface manuring and single phosphorus treatment,wheat yield of manuring phosphorus fertilizer by layers at 0 ～ 50 cm depth in soil increased 7.46%,16.16% and 75.81%,respectively,and P agronomic efficiency（ PAE） increased 156. 2%,43. 71% and 297. 11%, respectively. Therefore, manuring phosphorus fertilizer by layers at 0 ～ 50 cm depth in soil improved winter wheat growth,yield and phosphorus efficiency.

关 键 词：小麦 磷肥 生长 产量 分层施肥 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]