木质素磺酸铁肥研制及其对花生的施用效果  

Preparing of Iron Lignosulfonate Fertilizer and its Effect on Iron Nutrition of Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)

作　　者：刘自飞[1,2] 云鹏[2] 王盛锋[2] 陈磊[3] 高丽丽[2] 刘荣乐[4] 汪洪[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京市土肥工作站,北京100029 [2]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,耕地培育技术国家工程实验室,农业部植物营养与肥料重点实验室,北京100081 [3]黑龙江省农业科学院,哈尔滨150086 [4]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2016年第3期126-133,共8页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31372138,31071855);国家863计划项目(2008AA06Z307)资助

摘　　要：铁是植物生长必需的微量营养元素,缺铁影响作物产量和品质,降低植物性膳食中铁含量。施用铁肥是解决作物缺铁的有效措施之一。以作物秸秆亚铵法造纸废弃物木质素磺酸盐(LS)为原料,通过四因素三水平L9(34)正交设计,研究木质素磺酸铁的生产合成工艺,研发木质素磺酸铁肥产品。以花生为试验作物,通过土培试验,研究木质素磺酸铁的施用效果。秸秆亚铵法制浆造纸废弃物木质素磺酸盐对铁具有一定的螯合性,木质素磺酸铁实验室合成生产过程中,各因素对产品中铁含量的影响顺序为:反应初始p H>反应温度>Fe2+用量>反应时间,从而确定了木质素磺酸铁肥生产合成的最佳反应条件,制备了固体木质素磺酸铁肥产品,Fe含量为12.65%,p H为6.98。土培试验中,花生植株未出现缺铁失绿时,土施和喷施木质素磺酸铁、硫酸亚铁和EDTA铁对植株地上部生物量、花生产量及新叶中活性铁含量均无明显影响。但连续种植两茬后,不施铁肥处理的花生远杂9102出现新叶缺铁失绿症状,土施和喷施木质素磺酸铁可显著提高远杂9102花生新叶叶绿素含量(SPAD值),喷施提高了叶片中活性铁含量。木质素磺酸铁对花生缺铁失绿有纠正效果,与硫酸亚铁和EDTA铁相比,没有明显区别。以作物秸秆亚铵法制浆造纸废弃的木质素磺酸盐为原料,可用来生产木质素磺酸铁肥产品,土施和叶面喷施产品对纠正花生缺铁失绿效果明显。Iron（ Fe） is an essential micronutrient element for plant growth. Fe deficiency affacts the yield and quality of crops,and reduces the iron content in plant foods. Application of iron fertilizer is one of the effective measures to solve the problem of iron deficiency. The lignosulforate（ LS） as pulp and paper industrial byproducts was obtained during the ammonium sulfite pulping process. The optimum synthetic conditions of preparing iron lignosulfonate（ LSFe） was studied through L9（ 34）（ four factors,three levels） orthogonal design experiment. The effects of LS-Fe on plant growth and the re-greening of Fe-deficient peanut（ Arachis hypogaea L.） were assessed with pot experiments.The tested LS had the ability of chelating with Fe. The Fe content of LS-Fe product was affected by several factors,and the factors＇ impact sequence was initial p H temperature dosage of ferrous ion reaction time in decreasingorder. The Fe concentration and p H of the LS-Fe,produced under the optimum synthetic conditions,were 12. 65%and 6. 98,respectively. There was no significant efficacy of application of LS-Fe,Fe SO4 and EDTA-Fe on shoot biomass and active Fe content in young leaves of peanut plants that had no any Fe deficient chlorosis. However,when the chlorosis symptom was found on young leaves of peanut cultivar Yuanza 9102 in the second crop time of pot experiment,LS-Fe applied to soil increased the contents of chlorophyll and active Fe in leaves and could correct the leaf chlorosis. The LS-Fe application had a similar effect in alleviating chlorosis to Fe SO4 and EDTA-Fe. The chlorophyll content and the active Fe content of new leaves,and photosynthesis were increased by LS-Fe application.LS-Fe appeared similar effectiveness of controlling Fe chlorosis in peanut plants to Fe SO4 and EDTA-Fe. LS obtained from ammonium sulfite pulping process showed a complexing capacity with Fe ion and LS-Fe product of optimum efficacy was synthetized successfully through this study. Iron nutrition of peanut was improved

关 键 词：木质素磺酸铁 铁肥 花生 铁营养 

分 类 号：S146[农业科学—肥料学]