风力机塔架瞬态响应分析  

Analysis of Transient Responses of Wind Turbine Tower

作　　者：尹尧杰 廖明夫[1] 吕品[1] 王四季[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学动力与能源学院,陕西西安710129

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2016年第7期213-217,221,共6页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助;3102015BJ(Ⅱ)CG015

摘　　要：风力机累积装机容量增长,单机容量变大,使得风力机塔架瞬态响应更加突出。为分析风力机塔架的瞬态响应,利用二节点3D Timoshenko梁对塔架进行了有限元离散化建模,考虑塔架的剪切效应,重力钢化效应,分析了塔架振动的固有属性。建立了塔架动力学运动方程,分析了塔架所受的时变载荷。以某型1.5MW风力机的三种塔架(刚性、柔性、混合式)作为算例,分别计算了这三种塔架在阵风与电网电压发生跌落时所受的时变载荷,考虑了风轮的气动阻尼,利用模态叠加法与Newmark积分法求解塔架动力学方程得到塔架的瞬态响应。结果表明,阵风与电网电压跌落都会对塔架产生冲击效应,尤其是塔架前后方向,影响机组的稳定运行,其中混合式塔架的冲击位移最小。The cumulative installed capacities of wind turbines are growing, stand-alone capacity of wind turbine is increasing. The transient responses of the wind turbine tower are more prominent. In order to analyze the transient responses of the wind turbine tower, the tower is modeled by the two-node 3D Timoshenko beam element, considering the shear effect, gravity stress effect, the natural dynamic characteristics of the tower are analyzed. The structural dynamic equation of tower is established, the loads acting on the tower are analyzed. Loads of three kinds of tower of a 1.5MW wind turbine under gust and voltage drop ave calculated, take the aerodynamic damping of wind rotor into account and the dynamic equation is solved by the modal superpasition principle and Newmark integration method, the transient dynamic responses under gust and voltage drop are obtained. The results show, gust and voltage drop can excite transient vibrations of tower, especially in fore-aft direction, affecting the stable operation of wind turbine, vibration displacement of mixing tower is minimum.

关 键 词：风力机 塔架 阵风 电压跌落 气动阻尼 瞬态响应 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]