乐昌市外来入侵植物调查研究  

Research on Invasion Plants in Lechang,Guangdong

作　　者：邹滨 李仕裕[2] 郭亚男[2,3] 叶育石[2] 王爱华[2] 袁晓初[2] 王发国[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东乐昌大瑶山省级自然保护区管理处,广东乐昌512200 [2]中国科学院华南植物园,广东广州510650 [3]仲恺农业工程学院,广东广州510225

出　　处：《林业与环境科学》2016年第2期34-42,共9页Forestry and Environmental Science

基　　金：科学技术部基础性工作专项"中国外来入侵植物志"(2014FY120400)

摘　　要：基于野外考察及相关文献查阅,调查分析了乐昌市现有外来入侵植物的种类组成、生长型、分布生境、入侵范围及危害程度。结果表明:乐昌市2013—2015年共有外来入侵植物104种,隶属于36科,81属。其中菊科(23种)、豆科(14种)、禾本科(8种)和苋科(8种)植物占乐昌市外来入侵植物总种数的50.96%。另外根据生物学与生态学特性、自然地理分布、入侵范围及其所产生的危害,将乐昌市外来入侵种划分为5级:即恶性入侵类(1级,14种)、严重入侵类(2级,13种)、局部入侵类(3级,38种)、一般入侵类(4级,18种)和有待观察类(5级,21种)。与周边其他地区外来入侵植物相比发现,乐昌市与香港地区共有种数最多,为72种;广州市与乐昌市共有种数百分比最大,为69.86%。Based on field investigation and literature consultation, the species composition, growth form, invasive grade, habitat and distribution in Lechang,were investigated and analyzed. In conclusion, 104 species of alien invasive plants in 82 genera of 36 families were identified in 2013-2015. in which 23 species were in Asteraceae, 14 species in Leguminosae, 8 species in Gramineae and 8 species in Amaranthaceae. They take up 50.96% of the total number of the alien invasive plants in Lechang. According to their biological and ecological characters, geographic distribution, extent of spread and amount of damage caused, each specie was put into one of 5 categories： malignant invasion （grade 1, 14 species）, serious invasion （grade 2, 13 species）, local invasion （grade 3, 38 species）, general invasion （grade 4, 18 species）, and species requiring further observation （grade 5, 21 species）. Comparing the number of the alien invasive plants with other regions nearby , Lechang and Hong Kong shared the most similarity with 72 species. But in term of the percentage, Lechang and Guangzhou shared the highest similarity with 69.86%. The results can provide baseline information on controlling and managing plants invasion risks. Some measurements for the main alien invasive plants in Lechang were put forward accordingly.

关 键 词：入侵植物 入侵等级 乐昌市 

分 类 号：Q948.13[生物学—植物学]