控释肥用量对花生田土壤养分含量及产量品质的影响  

Effects of Controlled-release Fertilizer Application Rates on Soil Nutrient Contents in the Field and Yield and Quality of Peanut

作　　者：张海焕[1] 王月福[1] 张晓军[1] 王铭伦[1] 赵长星[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学山东省旱作农业技术重点实验室,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《花生学报》2016年第2期27-32,共6页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(31271657);国家花生产业技术体系建设项目(Nycytx-19);农业科技成果转化资金项目(2011GB2C600010);山东省花生现代产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-04-05);山东省"旱作节水农业"创新团队项目

摘　　要：为探究控释肥用量对花生田土壤养分含量及产量品质的影响,本试验以大花生品种"青花7号"为材料,选用金正大控释肥(N-P_2O_5-K_2O:28-6-7),设置了0、450、600、750、900kg/hm^2 5个施肥水平,在大田条件下研究了控释肥用量对花生产量、品质及耕层土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量的影响。结果表明,花生整个生育期,土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量均先升高后降低,且随着控释肥用量的增加呈递增趋势。花生整个生育期,土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量均大于对照,后期差异显著。在0~750kg/hm^2用量范围内,控释肥用量与荚果产量之间呈显著正相关关系,控释肥用量为750kg/hm^2时,花生产量达到最高为8602kg/hm^2。此外,施用控释肥还可提高花生籽仁中脂肪、蛋白质、可溶性糖和O/L值,改善花生品质,在控释肥用量为750kg/hm^2时,花生品质改善效果较好。In order to investigate the effects of controlled-release fertilizer application rates on yield and quality of peanut and soil nutrient contents,the controlled-release fertilizer Jin Zhengda（NP2O5-K2O：28-6-7）and peanut variety Qinghua7 with large seed were chosen as test material in the trial,and 5application rates of fertilizer including 0,450,600,750,900kg/hm2 were designed.Under the field condition,the effects of different controlled-release fertilizer application rates on yield and quality of peanut and the contents of soil alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were studied.The results showed that the alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium contents of soil in peanut field presented a trend of increasing at first and then decreasing during the whole growth period of peanut.Moreover,with the increase of the amount of controlledrelease fertilizer,the 3kind of soil nutrient contents showed an increasing trend.In the whole growth period of peanut,the alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium contents of soil in the peanut field were all higher than the control,and showed significant difference during later stages.Within the range of application rate at 0750kg/hm2,there showed a significant positive correlation between controlled-release fertilizer application rates and the pod yield,which reached the maximum yield as 8602kg/hm2 when controlled-release fertilizer application rate was 750kg/hm2.In addition,the application of controlledrelease fertilizer could also improve the peanut kernel fat,protein,soluble sugar and O/L value,and improve the quality of peanut.In the experiment,the improvement of kernel quality of peanut reached the best when controlled-release fertilizer application rate was 750kg/hm2.

关 键 词：控释肥 花生 土壤养分 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学] S145.6