医用诊断X射线的衰减与防护研究  

Attenuation and protection study of medical diagnostic X-rays

作　　者：杜继星 张晓敏[1] 宁静[1] 李大伟[1] 纪云龙[1] 谢向东[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院放射与辐射医学研究所,北京100850

出　　处：《军事医学》2016年第6期505-507,共3页Military Medical Sciences

摘　　要：目的计算和测量医用诊断X射线与物质相互作用的能量及强度变化规律,研究其防护措施。方法根据X射线变化规律,计算直射线、散射线与透射线的能谱分布,分析并实验测量不同物质对X射线的屏蔽效果。结果 X射线经物质衰减后,强度变低,平均能量提高,能谱变窄;散射线能量和强度都小于直射线。不同物质对X射线屏蔽效果不同。结论铅是防护医用诊断X射线的理想材料。Objective To calculate and measure the attenuation of the energy and intensity of medical diagnostic X-rays when interacting with othev substances,and to study measures of protection. Methods According to the patterns of X ray change,the energy distribution of straight,scattered and transmitted X-ray（ s） was calculated. The shielding effect of different substances on X-rays was measured. Results When X-rays penetrated the substances,their intensity was reduced,the average energy increased,energy spectrum narrowed down. The energy and intensity of scattered rays were below those of primary X-rays. The shielding effect of different substances on X-rays was different. Conclusions Lead is an ideal material for protection against medical diagnostic X-rays.

关 键 词：X射线 衰减 散射 防护 铅 

分 类 号：R142[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]