油田集输管道内流动流体结垢动力学研究  

Fouling Kinetics Model of Flowing Fluid in Oil Gathering Pipeline

作　　者：杨欢[1] 罗跃[1] 苑慧莹[2] 陆梅[2] 帅群[1] 

机构地区：[1]长江大学化学与环境工程学院,湖北荆州434023 [2]中国石油长庆油田分公司油气工艺研究院,陕西西安710018

出　　处：《油田化学》2016年第2期351-356,共6页Oilfield Chemistry

基　　金：国家科技重大专项"超低渗透油藏有效开采技术"(项目编号2011ZX0503-004);湖北省自然科学基金"油田集输管道内流动流体结垢机理及动力学模型研究"(项目编号2015CFB504)

摘　　要：为揭示油田集输管道内的动态结垢过程,以CaCO_3为例开展了圆管内动态结垢机理研究。从流体流动过程出发,自制结垢动态分析仪,采用脉冲示踪法测试管内流体流动形态,用电导率法测定CaCO_3结垢反应速率常数,结合平均停留时间分布,建立结垢流体一维轴向分散模型。结果表明:CaCl_2、Na_2CO_3水溶液比去离子水(空白)的混返过程明显;圆管内流动过程中CaCO_3结垢的反应速率常数为0.025 L/(s·mol);根据所建立的结垢管内流体轴向分散模型得到CaCO_3垢的转化率为53.600%,与实验值的相对误差为5.438%。该模型可准确模拟圆管内流动流体结垢动力学过程,为防垢方案提供基础信息。In order to reveal the dynamic process of scaling in oil gathering pipeline,CaCO_3 was typically introduced to explore the dynamic mechanism of scaling in circular pipes. Based on the fluid flow process,the flow patterns and reaction rate constant of CaCO_3 scaling were measured by pulse tracing method and electrical conductivity method using homemade scaling dynamic analyzer. With the average residence time distribution,the one-dimensional axial dispersion model of scaling fluid was established.The results showed that the back mixing phenomenon of CaCl_2 and Na_2CO_3water solution was more obvious than that of deionized water（blank）. The rate constant of CaCO_3 scaling during the process of flow in a circular tube was 0.025 L/（s·mol）. According to the established model,the conversion rate of CaCO_3 scale was 53.600%. The relative error between calculated value and experimental value was 5.438%,indicating an accurate prediction for the developed dynamic model,which should provide basic information for scale prevention design in circular pipe.

关 键 词：集输管道 碳酸钙垢 流动模型 结垢动力学 结垢机理 

分 类 号：TE358.5[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]