黄土高原丘陵沟壑区不同水体间转化特征--以韭园沟流域为例  

Characteristics of waters transformation in the hilly and gully regions of the Loess Plateau:A case study of the Jiuyuangou Watershed

作　　者：王贺[1] 李占斌[2] 马波[1] 肖俊波[1] 张乐涛[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2016年第3期19-25,共7页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“黄土高原生态建设的生态-水文过程响应机理研究”(41330858)

摘　　要：为研究黄土高原丘陵沟壑区降水、地表水和地下水间的转化特征,以绥德县韭园沟流域作为研究对象,通过测定雨水、沟道水和井水的氢氧同位素组成,分析各水体的δD-δ18O特征、氢氧同位素的时间变化和沿程变化,明确各不同水体间的补给关系,估算流域上游沟道水补给井水的过程中因蒸发损失的水量。结果表明:韭园沟流域沟道水和井水的δD和δ18O之间具有良好的线性关系;井水氢氧同位素相对于沟道水较富集且稳定,降水、气温、风速等气象因子对沟道水氢氧同位素影响强烈,对井水影响较弱;流域沟道水与井水均来源于大气降水,能够有效补给地下水的大气降水氢氧同位素加权平均值为:δ18O=-11‰,δD=-79.80‰;沟道水向井水的转化以单向排泄补给为主,两者转化过程中由于蒸发作用引起的水量损失占补给源水量的7%。[ Background] The Loess Plateau, which is characterized by weak ecological environments and scarce water resources, is located in the Northwest of China. Due to the development of economy and increment of population, this region has been faced with the increasing pressure of water resources shortage. In order to achieve the scientific allocation and efficient utilization of water resources in watershed, it is of great significance to conduct the investigations on characteristics of waters transformation in the area. [ Methods] As typical case for study, the Jiuyuangou Watershed, which is located in Suide County, Yulin City of Shaanxi Province, was selected to investigate the characteristics of waters transformation in the loess hilly and gully regions. Precipitation samples, gully-channel water samples and well water samples were collected and tested to quantify the compositions of the hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in each water during Sept. 15 to 19, 2014. [ Results] By analyzing the relationships between δD and δ180 in the gully-channel water and well water of Jiuyuangou, it was found that the evaporation line equation of gully-channel water was EL-1 ： 3D = 5.40 δ18s O 20.34 （ n = 13, R2 = 0.99） , and the evaporation line equation of the gully-channel water and well water was EL-2 ： 6D = 5. 33δ18O - 20.89（n = 19, R2 = 0.98）. Additionally, the temporal and spatial variations of 6180 in gully-channel water and well water were illustrated in the paper. It was visualized that the 6~So in gully- channel water on Sept. 16 was the lowest during the period of sampling, and the 61SO in gully-channel water increased progressively from the upper to the lower reaches of Jiuyuangou Watershed. The δ180 of well water tended to be more positive and more stable than that of gully-channel water. The impacts of rainfall, air temperature and wind speed on the variation of 61SO in gully-ehannel water was greater than that on the variation of 6180 in well water. It was concluded that the surface water and ground wate

关 键 词：氢氧同位素 地表水 地下水 瑞利蒸馏模型 黄土高原 丘陵沟壑区 韭园沟 

分 类 号：P344[天文地球—水文科学] P342[天文地球—地球物理学]