沣河控制断面非点源污染年际变化特征研究  

Research on interannual variation characteristics of non-point source pollution on control section of Fenghe River

作　　者：李怀恩[1] 丁劲[1] 王莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《水资源与水工程学报》2016年第2期18-23,共6页Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering

基　　金：国家重大科技水专项专题(2009ZX07212-002-005-002);全国水资源保护规划相关专题研究项目(环0202042012-2)

摘　　要：为了研究河流控制断面非点源污染的年际变化特征,以渭河支流沣河为例,利用秦渡镇断面1992-2011年长期水质监测资料和该断面的径流资料、以及2009-2011年的非点源污染水质水量同步监测数据,运用平均浓度法计算出该断面1992-2011年氨氮、2003-2011年COD、正磷、总磷及总氮的点源和非点源浓度、总负荷量、非点源负荷在总负荷中所占的比重,并拟合了污染物年际非点源污染所占比重与地表径流量、总负荷量和综合污染指数的相关关系,分析了年际非点源污染的变化特征。结果表明:氨氮和TN的非点源负荷所占比重受地表径流量和总负荷量影响比其他指标显著;河流总负荷量的年际变化趋势与流域地表径流量的变化趋势相似;氮污染的非点源比重在年际变化中呈下降趋势,COD和TP的非点源比重呈上升趋势。In order to research the interannual variation characteristics of non-point source pollution on control section of Fenghe river, the paper took Fenghe river which is tributary of Weihe river as a example, based on 1992 -2011 long-term synchronous and 2009 -2011 non-point source pollution synchronous monitoring water quality and flow data of Qinduzhen section in Fenghe River, and used the mean concentration method to calculate the point source and non-point source concentration, total pollution load, the load proportion of non-point source pollution of NH3--N from 1992 to 2011 ,and COD, TP and TN from 2003 to 2011, and fitted the correlativity between the load proportion of non-point source, total pollution load and comprehensive pollution index, and analyzed the variation characteristics of non-point source pollution. The results show that non-point source pollution load proportion of NH3--N and TN are more remarkably affected by surface runoff and total pollution load than other factors ; the interannual variation tendency of river total pollution load is similar to the tendency of basin surface runoff;the non-point source load proportion of nitrogen pollution presents declining trend in interannual variation, and the nonpoint source load proportion of COD and TP is on the rise.

关 键 词：河流控制断面 同步监测数据 非点源污染 平均浓度法 污染变化特征 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]