汉江上游全新世古洪水水文频率分析研究  

Analysis of hydrology frequency of holocene paleo flood in the upperstream of Hanjiang river

作　　者：李晓刚[1,2] 查小春[2] 刘科[2] 

机构地区：[1]商洛学院地理系,陕西商洛726000 [2]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《水资源与水工程学报》2016年第2期24-29,共6页Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(14BZS070);陕西省教育厅科学研究计划项目(15JK1224);商洛市科技计划项目(SK2014-01-05)

摘　　要：在汉江上游郧县庹家洲段发现含有古洪水滞流沉积物的剖面,通过对其进行理化性质分析及测年断代,发现该剖面记录了距今12 600~12 400 a、距今4 200~4 000 a、距今3 100~3 000 a和距今1 900~1 800 a(东汉A.D.200-300a)的4期特大古洪水事件。通过古洪水滞流沉积物指示的水位信息,利用HEC-RAS模型对其进行水文学恢复,计算出这4期古洪水的流量分别为54 920、51 300、43 500、37 050 m^3/s。分别利用实测洪水数据、实测+历史洪水数据、实测+历史+古洪水数据,建立汉江上游不同时间尺度的洪水序列频率。通过对比研究表明:将全新世古洪水水文学研究成果加入到洪水数据序列中,大大延伸了洪水序列的长度,在洪水流量频率曲线中,变外延为内插,提高了洪水频率计算的精度。研究结果对汉江上游水利工程建设、跨河交通工程建设以及防洪用洪具有重要的现实意义。The profile of sediment flow of paleo flood had been found in TJZ of Yun County in the upper- stream of Hanjiang river. From the analysis of physical and chemical properties and its OSL dating age, the paper found that the profile recorded four paleo flood events, which oceurred before 12 600 to 12 400 years, 4 200 to 4 000 years. , 3 100 to 3 000 years and 1 900 to 1 800 years. Through the hydrological information of slackwater deposit, the four paleo flood discharges were calculated by HEC - RAS model, they were 54 920, 51 300, 43 500 and 37 050 m^3/s. Then by use of the data of gauge flood, the data of gauge and historical flood, the data of gauge and historical together with palaeo flood, the paper set up the frequency of flood series of different time scales. The results showed that the palaeo flood data being connetted with the gauge and historical flood data prolonged the flood data sequence and also advanced the credibility of flood frequency calculation. The result has important realistic significance for studying palaeo flood records in sedimentological evidence. It is not only to gain long -time scales flood data, but also provided important hydrological data for the construction of water conservancy and cross river traffic, flood control and utilization in the upperstream of Hanjiang river.

关 键 词：古洪水 历史洪水 实测洪水 洪水频率计算 汉江 

分 类 号：P333.2[天文地球—水文科学]