宝鸡地区降水特征分析  

Analysis of precipitation characteristics in Baoji region

作　　者：徐盼盼[1] 王海科[1] 钱会[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《水资源与水工程学报》2016年第2期86-91,共6页Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201301084)

摘　　要：基于宝鸡地区1961-2013年的逐月降水实测资料,利用累计距平法、模比系数差积曲线法、趋势法等对宝鸡地区的降水特征进行分析。结果表明:年际降水量分配不均匀,20世纪70、90年代降水量偏多,80年代降水相对偏少,20世纪末期之后降水量表现为显著减少期。年降水量呈减少的趋势,其减少量主要集中在春、秋季,而夏季降水量呈增加的趋势,冬季降水量呈微小的增加趋势。春、秋季的干旱化可能会更严重,夏季的干旱程度会相对减弱,而冬季基本一直处于干燥期。年内各季节降水分配极其不均匀,汛期的降水量占全年的63.27%,容易形成极旱或极涝的现象。年降水量呈现丰枯交替的规律,总的枯水期比丰水期大,且容易发生异常干旱现象。Based on the data of monthly precipitation from 1961 to 2013 in Baoji region, the paper used the methods such as cumulative anomaly method, modulus ratio coefficient difference plot curve analysis, trends analysis method to analyze the precipitation characteristics of Baoji region. The conclusions are that： the distribution of annual precipitation of Baoji area is uneven, and the precipitation was relatively more in 1970s and 1990s, the precipitation was relatively less in 1980s, and the precipitation has shown a significant decreasing period since the end of twentieth century. The annual precipitation shows a decreasing trend, and the volume of decrease is mainly concentrated in spring and autumn, however, the precipitation shows an increasing trend in summer and an small increasing trend in winter. Therefore, the degree of drought in spring and autumn may be more serious , but the degree of drought in summer will be relatively weak, and winter has basically been in a dry period all the time. The seasonal precipitation dis- tribution is also extremely uneven, and the precipitation in flood season accounts for 63.27% of the whole year, which easily leads to form the phenomenon of extreme drought or waterlogging. The annual precipitation shows a regular pattern of alternating wet and dry. The dry period is longer than the wet period,and it＇s easy to occur the phenomenon of unusual drought.

关 键 词：降水量 年际降水量 季节降水量 变化特征 宝鸡地区 

分 类 号：P333.1[天文地球—水文科学]