小儿肠道感染性疾病的发病特征及相关因素分析  

Characteristics and related factors of intestinal infectious diseases in children

作　　者：罗涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省交通运输厅公路局医院儿科,四川省成都611730

出　　处：《中国基层医药》2016年第13期2055-2058,共4页Chinese Journal of Primary Medicine and Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的：对小儿肠道感染性疾病的发病特征及相关因素进行分析。方法选取儿科门诊诊治的肠道感染性疾病患儿180例作为观察组，同时选取儿科体检的健康儿童180例作为对照组。根据患儿临床资料以及流行病学资料，比较患儿在年龄、不同地区以及不同感染类型的例数，然后行发病单因素和多因素Logistic 分析，并且进行对比分析。结果年龄＜1岁患儿105例（58．3％），年龄1～3岁患儿37例（20.6％），年龄＞3岁患儿38例（21．1％），年龄＜1岁患儿所占比例与另外两组患儿所占比例差异有统计学意义（χ2＝5．23、6．19，均 P ＜0．05）；在地域上，来自农村117例，来自城市63例，农村发病率为65.0％，城市发病率为35．0％，农村发病率明显高于城市发病率，差异有统计学意义（χ2＝3．472，P ＜0．05）；在感染类型上，肠外感染24例，细菌感染75例，病毒感染81例，肠外感染率为13．3％，细菌感染率41．7％，病毒感染率45．0％，肠外感染率明显低于另外两组的感染率，差异均有统计学意义（肠外感染与细菌感染比较，χ2＝4．571，P ＝0.024；肠外感染与病毒感染比较，χ2＝5．190，P ＝0．021，均 P ＜0．05）；单因素分析表明，观察组和对照组进行对比显示，儿童饭前、便后洗手，父母便后洗手，餐具是否消毒，是否勤剪指甲，室内是否有苍蝇与小儿肠道感染性疾病发病有关（P ＜0．05）；多因素 Logistic 分析发现，餐具不消毒和室内有苍蝇的 OR 值＞1，属于危险因素，而勤剪指甲、儿童便后洗手和饭前洗手的 OR 值＜1，属于保护因素。结论小儿肠道感染性疾病多发于＜1岁的婴儿，发病具有时空分布性，多为病毒和细菌性感染，并且儿童饭前洗手、便后洗手，父母便后洗手，餐具是否消毒，是否勤剪指甲，室内是否有苍蝇与小儿肠道感染性疾病发病�Objective To analyze the characteristics and related factors of the incidence of intestinal infectious diseases in children.Methods 180 children with intestinal infectious diseases who were treated from July 2012 to July 2015 in our hospital were radomly selected.Meanwhile,180 healthy children were randomly selected from pediatric hospital examination as control group.Then,according to the clinical data and epidemiological data of these children,the number of cases were compared,and these children were from different age,different regions and different types of infections.The incidence factors of univariate and multivariate Logistic analysis were compared.Results In terms of age,patients younger than 1 year of age were 105 cases,between the ages of 1 -3 years were 37 cases, patients older than 3 years were 38 cases,the proportion of younger than 1 year was 58.3%,the proportion of patients between 1 -3 years of age was 20.6%,the proportion of older than 3 years of age was 21.1%,the proportion of patients younger than 1 year of age compared with the proportion of patients with the other two groups had significant differences （P 〈0.05）.In the area,117 cases were from rural areas and the incidence rate was 65.0%,63 cases were from the city,and the incidence rate of the city was 35.0%,which was significantly lower than the incidence of rural areas,the difference was statistically significant （P 〈0.05）.On the type of infection,parenteral infection was 24 cases,bacterial infection was 75 cases,viral infection was 81 cases,parenteral infection rate was 13.3%,bacterial infection rate was 41.7%,virus infection rate was 45.0%,parenteral infection was significantly lower than the other two infection prevalence groups,the difference was statistically significant （P 〈0.05 ）.After univariate analysis, observation and control groups were compared,showed that children washing their hands before meals,childrennbsp;washing their hands after stool,parents washing their hands after stool,no tableware disinfection,gr

关 键 词：肠道感染性疾病 发病特征 相关因素 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.7[医药卫生—儿科]