烟花爆竹燃放产生颗粒物的物理特性研究  

Study on Physical Properties of Particulate Matters Caused by Fireworks Burning

作　　者：徐昭炜[1] 杨志远[1] 王志勇[1] 侯银燕[1] 王智超[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国建筑科学研究院,北京100013

出　　处：《建筑技术开发》2016年第6期3-5,共3页Building Technology Development

摘　　要：为研究燃放烟花爆竹对大气环境的影响,在30m^3环境测试舱内进行烟花爆竹燃放试验,通过燃放不同数量的烟花,研究烟花爆竹燃放时产生颗粒物的粒径分布、存在形态、释放量以及衰减速率等物理特性。结果表明,鞭炮燃放产生颗粒物的粒径主要集中在50~500nm,呈单峰型分布,峰值位于150nm左右。颗粒物以核模态和积聚模态两种形式存在,其中积聚模态粒子占粒子总数的75%;PM2.5释放量测试结果表明,燃放1支鞭炮就会产生5.3mg的PM2.5微粒,可使30m^3的环境空间达到重度污染状态;在密闭环境中,烟花产生的颗粒物衰减速率极慢,可以推测在没有风力等气象条件的作用下,它们将会长时间漂浮在大气环境中,对人体健康造成严重危害。In order to study the effect of fireworks burning on atmospheric environmental,fireworks burning tests were conducted in the 30m^3 environmental test chamber, the particle size distribution, existing mode, release amount and attenuation rate of produced particulate matters were studied by burning different amounts of fireworks.The results show that these produced particulate matters are mainly distributed in the range of 50nm to 500nm. The particle size distribution is unimodal type with the peak at 150nm.These particulate matters exist in two modes, 25% nuclei mode and 75% accumulation mode. Release test results demonstrate that burning of 1 firework can produce as much as 5.3mg of PM2.5, which causeserious contamination of the 30m^3 environmental test chamber.Moreover, attenuation rate of these particulate matters is very slow, they will float long time in the air without the interference of meteorological conditions and do harm to human health.

关 键 词：细颗粒物 粒径分布 积聚模态 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]