健康体检人员甲状腺结节患病率调查分析  

Survey of thyroid nodules in people taking health physical examination

作　　者：刘慧[1] 袁海珊[1] 梁小敏[1] 杨柳嫦[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属第二医院体检中心,广东广州510260

出　　处：《现代临床护理》2016年第3期11-15,共5页Modern Clinical Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨健康体检人群甲状腺结节患病状况及其相关因素。方法选择2014年1~12月在本院进行健康体检的医务人员、教师、电力企业人员及机关公务员8912例为研究对象进行调查,了解其甲状腺结节患病率及其相关因素。结果 1体检人群甲状腺结节患病率为40.4%,其中男性34.9%,女性46.7%,女性患病率明显高于男性（P〈0.001）;2男女甲状腺结节患病率呈现随年龄的增大而增高趋势（P〈0.01）;3医务人员、教师甲状腺结节患病率明显高于电力企业人员、机关公务员（均P〈0.001）;4甲状腺结节组与非甲状腺结节组在体重指数、血压、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、血糖各项指标组间比较,差异具有统计学意义（均P〈0.001）,甲状腺结节组以上各项指标明显高于非甲状腺结节组;550岁及以下女性甲状腺结节组乳腺增生患病率明显高于非甲状腺结节组（P〈0.001）。结论甲状腺结节患病率较高,特别是医务人员及教师群体;其患病率可能与性别、年龄、职业、雌激素有关。应制订有效的对策,改变人群不良生活习惯,控制血糖及血压,降低体重指数,减缓工作压力等,以便减少甲状腺结节的发生。Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of thyroid nodules as well as related influencing factors. Methods In this clinical study, 8,912 healthy people were included, involving medical staff, teachers, electric enterprise staff and civil authorities from January to December in 2014 . The prevalence rate of thyroid nodules and related influencing factors were investigated . Results （1） The prevalence rate of thyroid nodules was 40.4%, 34.9%for male and 46.7%for female. The prevalence of female was higher than that of male （P＜0.001）;（2） The prevalence rate of thyroid nodules showed a trend of increase with age （P＜0.01）;（3） The prevalence rate of thyroid nodules in medical staff and teachers was significantly higher than others （P＜0.001）;（4） The difference was statistically significant in BMI, blood pressure, blood lipid, blood glucose in thyroid nodule group and non thyroid nodules group （P＜0.001）. All indexes mentioned above of thyroid nodule group was much higher than those of non thyroid nodules group. （5） The prevalence rate of breast hyperplasia of females under the age of fifty years was significantly higher than those of non thyroid nodule group （P＜0.001）. Conclusion The prevalence rate of thyroid nodules is high. It is related to gender, age, occupation and estrogen. Effective measures should be taken to change people＇s bad habits, blood sugar control and blood pressure, reduce BMI and work tension in order to reduce the incidence of thyroid nodules.

关 键 词：健康体检 甲状腺结节 患病率 

分 类 号：R581[医药卫生—内分泌]