粤北岩溶峰丛自然坡面土壤钙元素的空间分布  

Spatial Distribution of Soil Calcium on Natural Slope of Karst Peak-cluster in Northern Guangdong Province

作　　者：李忠云[1,2] 魏兴琥[2] 李保生[1] 关共凑[2] 徐喜珍 雷俐[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学地理科学学院,广东广州510631 [2]佛山科学技术学院,广东佛山528000 [3]中山市第二中学,广东中山528429

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2016年第3期62-68,共7页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"粤北岩溶山区岩石-土壤-植物系统钙迁移循环过程及其生态效应"(31170486);"基于水动力过程的粤北岩溶区土地利用方式对钙迁移;沉积影响机制研究"(41571091);中国科学院科技服务网络计划(KFJ-EW-STS-092)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨综合要素影响下自然坡面土壤钙元素的分布特征,认识岩溶区土壤结构与演化。[方法]测定广东省英德市岩背镇典型峰丛坡面土壤的全钙、交换性钙、水溶性钙和有机质的含量,并进行相关性分析。[结果]峰丛坡面土壤的全钙、交换性钙、水溶性钙含量的平均值分别为4.172,1.050,0.026g/kg,交换性钙/全钙的平均值为22.29%,水溶性钙/全钙的平均值为0.56%。全钙、交换性钙和有机质的含量都随坡面海拔下降而逐渐减少,陡峭的坡面上部的全钙、交换性钙和有机质含量要明显高于中下部平缓坡面的含量,而水溶性钙的含量随坡面下降不显著。相关性分析表明,全钙和交换性钙与海拔、坡度、岩石裸露率呈显著正相关,而与土层厚度是显著负相关,水溶性钙与这些地形因素相关性不显著。[结论]坡面的地形变化和土壤发育程度是影响土壤全钙和交换性钙含量变化的主要因素,但对于水溶性钙含量的影响不大。峰丛自然坡面的全钙和交换钙具有坡面迁移特征,但垂向迁移特征不明显,水溶性钙的坡面迁移和垂向迁移都不明显,对局部水文状况响应灵敏。[Obiective]Investigating the distribution of soil calcium on natural slope under the influences of integrated factors in order to better understand the structure and evolution of soil in karst area.[Methods]Typical karst peak-cluster in Yanbei Town,Yingde City,Northern Guangdong Province,was selected as the research area.The contents of total calcium,exchangeable calcium,water calcium and organic matter were measured,and correlation analysis were used.[Results]At the peak cluster,the average content of total calcium,exchangeable calcium and water soluble calcium was 4.172,1.050 and 0.026g/kg,respectively.Exchangeable calcium accounted for 22.29% of the total calcium,while water soluble calcium accounted for0.56%of total calcium.The contents of total calcium,exchangeable calcium and organic matter reduced with the decrease of slope gradient.Contents of soil calcium in steep slope were obviously higher than that in the gentle one.The contents of water soluble calcium showed little changes with the slope variation.The correlation analysis showed that the total calcium and exchangeable calcium was positively related with altitude,slope and coverage of rock,while negatively related with soil thickness.There were no significant correla-tions between water soluble calcium and the topographical factors.[Conclusion]The topographical change and soil development influences the contents of total calcium and exchangeable calcium,while it has no significant influence on the contents of water soluble calcium.On the natural slope of karst peak-cluster,both total calcium and exchangeable calcium migrate with the slope descending,but the vertical migration is not obvious.The migration of water soluble calcium is not obvious,but it is sensitive to local hydrological conditions.

关 键 词：坡面 土壤钙 地形 粤北 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]