植被对含碎石土壤坡面降雨入渗和径流侵蚀的影响  

Effect of Vegetation on Rainfall Infiltration and Runoff Erosion and Sediment Yield in Gravel Soil Slope

作　　者：夏振尧[1,2] 梁永哲[1,3] 牛鹏辉[1,2] 许文年[1,2] 高家祯 李博[2] 

机构地区：[1]三峡地区地质灾害与生态环境湖北省协同创新中心,湖北宜昌443002 [2]三峡大学土木与建筑学院,湖北宜昌443002 [3]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443002

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2016年第3期88-93,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：科学技术部"十二五科技支撑"项目"金沙江梯级水电开发区生态保护与入库泥沙调控关键技术与示范-河岸工程施工区生态系统修复技术与示范"(2012BAC06B02-04);国家自然科学基金项目"三峡库区紫色土的植物根系加固效应与机制研究"(41202250)

摘　　要：[目的]研究植被对含碎石土壤坡面入渗和径流侵蚀的影响,为合理配置三峡地区含碎石土壤坡面植被提供科学依据。[方法]在建立的径流小区内铺设含碎石土壤,并配置不同种类、不同覆盖度的植被,进行人工降雨试验。[结果]各类小区径流量排序为:裸坡>灌木坡面>草本坡面>草灌混合坡面,入渗量与径流量排序相反,有植被覆盖坡面的壤中流大于裸坡;入渗率服从对数函数规律,产流强度呈幂函数变化;草地对水沙的调控机制更多的是直接拦沙;累计径流量和累计侵蚀量的关系均满足幂函数形式。[结论]植被措施可有效地减少含碎石土壤坡面的水土流失,不同的植被措施减少的效益不同。[Objective]Studying the influences of vegetation on rainfall infiltration and runoff erosion and sediment yield in order to provide a scientific basis for rationally allocating the vegetation in gravel soil slope in the Three Gorges area.[Methods]Runoff plots containing gravel soil were set with different types and coverage of vegetation.Artificial rainfall experiments were conducted.[Results]The amount of runoff showed as follows bare slopeshrub slopeherb slopegrass shrub mixed slope,in contrast,infiltration and runoff showed the opposite trend.The interflow in vegetation-covered slope was greater than that in the bare slope.Infiltration rate obeyed the law of logarithmic function,while the runoff yield strength varied as power function.The regulation mechanism of grassland to water and sediment was mostly direct sad blocking.The relationship between cumulative runoff and cumulative sediment yield showed as the power function.[Conclusions]Vegetation measures can effectively reduce soil and water loss in gravel soil slope,and different vegetation measures represent the different reducing benefits.

关 键 词：三峡地区 含碎石土壤 植被 人工降雨 入渗 径流侵蚀 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]