呼伦贝尔典型草原三种植物群落土壤凝结水比较  

Comparative Study on Soil Condensation Water in Three Plant Communities in Hulunbeier Grassland

作　　者：佳依山 多立安[1] 郑志荣[2] 叶生星[2] 刁兆岩[3] 吕世海[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学生命科学学院,天津300387 [2]中国环境科学研究院国家环境保护区域生态过程与功能评估重点实验室环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [3]北京林业大学草地生态与资源研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2016年第3期114-119,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(201109025);中国环境科学研究院改革启动专项(2013-YSGQ-06)

摘　　要：[目的]分析呼伦贝尔地区不同植物群落产生的土壤凝结水量,为当地沙化草地植被恢复中合理有效利用水资源提供依据。[方法]通过称重法测定3种植物群落茵陈蒿(Artemisia capillaris)、糙隐子草(Cleistogenes squarrosa)和羊草(Leymus chinensis)土壤凝结水形成的时间、数量和月动态变化,比较植被类型和环境因子对土壤的影响。[结果](1)3种植物群落内土壤凝结水的形成趋势基本一致,即每天18:00以后逐渐形成,至次日6:00结束。土壤凝结水夜间动态呈双峰型,其中第1个峰值出现在20:00左右,第2个峰值出现在4:00左右。(2)3种植物群落日均凝结量具有显著差异(p<0.05),茵陈蒿样地、糙隐子草和羊草样地的日均凝结量分别为7月0.28,0.22,0.32mm,8月0.50,0.35,0.69mm,9月0.28,0.23,0.37mm。(3)土壤凝结水在土壤不同深度的凝结量大小依次为0—5cm>20—25cm>5—10cm>10—15cm>15—20cm,其中0—5cm的凝结量羊草样地的最多为0.147mm,其次为茵陈蒿样地0.125mm,最后是糙隐子草样地0.094mm。[结论]土壤凝结水来源主要有2个,植被类型的不同导致这两种来源对总量的贡献比例不同,其中羊草植物群落能够形成更多的土壤凝结水,在草原植被恢复中能够起到更积极的作用。[Objective]To analyze the soil condensation water in three plant communities in Hulunbeier grassland in order to provide basis for the effective utilization of water resource in restoration of grassland vegetation in desertified land.[Methods]Three plant communities,Artemisia capillaris,Cleistogenes squarrosa and Leymus chinensis were selected to measure the formation time and amount of soil condensation water as well as their dynamic changes by weighing method and the effects of vegetation type,and environmental factors were analyzed on the formation of soil condensation water.[Results]（1）The soil condensation water began to form 18：00and began to evaporate after 6：00.Soil condensation water dynamic changes showed bimodal pattern,one of the first peak appeared at about 20：00while the second peak appeared at about 4：00;（2）Soil condensation water amount in different plant communities showed significant differences（p0.05）.From July to September,the daily mean amount of condensation water in the three plots,A.capillaries,C.squarrosaand L.chinensis,was 0.28 mm,0.22 mm and 0.32 mm,respectively in July,0.50 mm,0.35 mm and 0.69 mm in August,and 0.28 mm,0.23 mm and 0.37 mm in September;（3）Soil condensation water in different depth of soil follows as an order as 0-5cm20-25cm5-10cm10-15cm15-20 cm,the amount of condensation water in 0-5cm layer in L.chinensis plot was up to 0.147 mm,followed by the A.capillaries plot（0.125mm）and C.squarrosa plot（0.094mm）.[Conclusion]There was two sources of soil condensation water.Different types of plant communities resulte in the different contributions of these two sources to the total amount of soil condensation water.L.chinensis can form more soil condensation water,which may play a more important role in restoration of grassland.

关 键 词：呼伦贝尔草原 植物群落 土壤凝结水 环境因子 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]