基于GNSS浮标的潮位测量技术研究  

Research on the Tidal Observing Technique Based on GNSS Buoy

作　　者：翟万林[1] 朱建华[1] 陈春涛[1] 闫龙浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋技术中心,天津300112

出　　处：《海洋技术学报》2016年第3期28-31,共4页Journal of Ocean Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41406204);海洋公益性行业科研专项资助项目(201305032-3)

摘　　要：利用研制的GNSS浮标,在海南省清澜湾进行了21.5 h的潮位测量工作,分别使用GAMIT+TRACK和精密单点定位技术(PPP)两种方法对GNSS数据进行解算,并对高频GNSS解算结果进行了巴特沃斯、低通滤波、中值滤波、小波滤波等处理,处理结果与实测潮位数据进行了对比。结果表明:(1)使用GNSS浮标可以进行潮位测量;(2)移动平均滤波或中值滤波对高频GNSS浮标解算数据的处理结果较好,其次为巴特沃斯滤波,小波滤波处理结果较差;(3)在GNSS基准站的支持下,GAMIT+TRACK对GNSS解算结果精度可达1.065 cm,并可以给出绝对高程下的潮位信息;PPP技术解算结果的精度为4.283 cm,但不需要GNSS基准站的支持,可用于远海潮位测量。The continuous tidal observation which lasted for 21.5 h was done at the Qinglan Bay in Hainan Province using the GNSS buoy. The GNSS buoy data were calculated respectively using GAMIT＋TRACK method and the technique of precise point positioning（PPP）. Four different filter methods, including Butter Worth filtering, low-pass filtering, median filtering and wavelet filtering, were used to process the GNSS buoy results obtained through the above two techniques. Then the final results were compared with the tidal data acquired from the tidal station. The results show that：（1） the GNSS buoy can be used for tidal observation;（2） by comparing the four methods for filtering, moving average filtering and median filtering are the best methods for high-frequency GNSS buoy data processing, followed by the Butter Worth filtering solution, and the wavelet filtering leads to unsatisfactory results;（3） under the support of the GNSS reference station, the precision of the GAMIT ＋TRACK method on GNSS calculating results can reach 1.065 cm, and it could provide the absolute height of tide; the precision of the PPP technique is 4.283 cm, but this method doesn＇t require GNSS reference station support, thus suitable for open sea tidal observation.

关 键 词：GAMIT/GLOBK TRACK 精密单点定位 验潮 GNSS浮标 滤波 

分 类 号：P714[天文地球—海洋科学]