基于FPGA的游标卡尺计时法高精度实现  

High precision implementation of a timing vernier caliper based on FPGA

作　　者：黄倩 

机构地区：[1]中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司,重庆400039

出　　处：《中州煤炭》2016年第7期102-105,共4页Zhongzhou Coal

基　　金：科技部2014年科技支撑项目(2014BAC17B04)

摘　　要：分析了激光测距、电缆故障定位、超声波测距等仪器仪表中用直接时间间隔测量时测量精度与计时时间精度的关系,提出了计时精度提高与硬件电路设计、硬件成本控制之间的矛盾;对比了直接时间测量采用直接计数法、时间间隔扩展法、时间—幅度转换法、延迟线内插法、游标卡尺计时法的优缺点,从中优选出游标卡尺计时法;结合现场可编程逻辑阵列(FPGA)用主频100 MHz的硬件电路实现了计时精度高达60 ps的实用方案;最后把它应用于电缆故障定位,将定位精度从0.5 m提高到0.008 9 m。The paper analyzed the relationship between the measurement accuracy and timing accuracy when using direct time interval measurement in laser ranging,cable fault location,ultrasonic ranging etc. Proposed the contradiction between improving the timing accuracy and reducing the hardware cost. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the methods such as direct counting method,interval extension method,time-amplitude conversion method,delay line interpolation,vernier caliper timing method and so on,the vernier caliper timing method was finally chosen. Combined with field programmable logic array（ FPGA）,by using hardware circuit with 100 MHz,a practical scheme was realized with timing precision up to 60 ps; applied to the cable fault location,the positioning accuracy is increased from 0. 5 m to 0. 008 9 m.

关 键 词：直接时间间隔测量 时间间隔扩展法 延迟线内插法 游标卡尺计时法 FPGA 

分 类 号：TD679[矿业工程—矿山机电]