改性生物炭对菜地土壤磷素形态转化的影响  

Effects of Modified Biochar on Soil Phosphorus Transformation in Vegetable Fields

作　　者：王荣萍[1,2] 余炜敏[1] 梁嘉伟[1] 廖新荣[1,2] 詹振寿[1] 李淑仪[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省生态环境与土壤研究所//广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室,广东广州510650 [2]佛山市环保技术与装备研发专业中心,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2016年第5期872-876,共5页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目(2014BAD14B05);省院合作项目(2013B091500016);广州市科技计划项目(201607010082);广东省科技计划项目(2015B070701017)

摘　　要：生物炭是一种含碳量高且更为稳定的有机碳,能够显著影响土壤物理、化学及生物学性质。以华南地区主要的菜地土壤为研究对象,研究新型生物炭对土壤磷素形态转化及有效性的影响,结果表明,施用生物炭可以提高树脂磷(Resin-Pi)、NaHCO3提取态无机磷(NaHCO3-Pi)、NaOH提取态无机磷(NaOH-Pi)含量,生物炭施入土壤后能明显提高土壤的有效磷含量,但并未显著提高稀盐酸提取态无机磷(D·HCl-Pi)和浓盐酸提取态无机磷(C·HCl-Pi)的含量;施用生物炭增加了NaHCO3提取态有机磷(NaHCO3-Po)的含量,降低了NaOH提取态有机磷(NaOH-Po)的含量,提高了残渣磷(Residual-Pt)含量,并未改变浓盐酸提取态有机磷(C·HCl-Po)的含量。土壤速效磷与Resin-Pi、NaHCO3-Pi、NaHCO3-Po、NaOH-Pi、D.HCl-Pi、Residual-Pt呈显著相关,并与NaHCO3-Pi的相关性最强,相关系数达到0.980 5;Resin-Pi与NaHCO3-Pi、D.HCl-Pi呈极显著相关;NaHCO3-Pi与NaOH-Pi、D.HCl-Pi、Residual-Pt呈显著相关,并与D.HCl-Pi的相关性最强,相关系数达到0.816 6。表明在施用生物炭的条件下,不同形态的磷可以通过矿化等形式转化为有效性较高的磷形态。Biochar is a type of organic carbon of high carbon content and high stability, and it can significantly influence soil physical, chemical and biological properties. In this study, the effects of a new type of biochar on soil phosphorus （P） transformation and availability in the major vegetable soils in South China were investigated. The results showed that the resin P （resin-Pi）, NaHCO3 extractable inorganic P （NaHCO3-Pi） and NaOH extractable inorganic P （NaOH-Pi） contents were increased; soil available P content was evidently elevated; diluted HCl extractable inorganic P （D.HCl-Pi） and concentrated HCl extractable inorganic P （C.HCl-Pi） contents were not significantly increased; NaHCO3 extractable organic P （NaHCO3-Po） content was increased; NaOH extractable organic P （NaOH-Po） content was decreased; residual P （residual-Pt） content was increased; and concentrated HCl extractable organic P （C.HCl-Po） content was not changed by biochar application. Correlation analyses showed that rapidly available P was significantly （P＆lt;0.05） related to resin-Pi, NaHCO3-Pi, NaHCO3-Po, NaOH-Pi, D.HCl-Pi and residual-Pt with the largest correlation coefficient of 0.9805 with NaHCO3-Pi; resin-Pi was significantly （P＆lt;0.01） related to NaHCO3-Pi and D.HCl-Pi; and NaHCO3-Pi was significantly （P＆lt;0.05） related to NaOH-Pi, D.HCl-Pi and residual-Pt with the largest correlation coefficient of 0.8166 with D.HCl-Pi. The results demonstrated that when biochar is applied, P of various species can transform to species of higher availability via mineralization.

关 键 词：生物炭 菜地土壤 磷形态 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S153.61[农业科学—土壤学]