基于分形的小流域水系演化试验研究  

Experimental Research on the Evolution of Drainage Networks in a Small Watershed Based on Fractal Dimension

作　　者：王玉成[1] 董有福[1] 和娴 

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学测绘学院,江苏南京211816

出　　处：《人民黄河》2016年第7期17-20,共4页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41101360)

摘　　要：为揭示小流域水系演化特征,以高精度DEM为试验数据,在提取不同时期水系的基础上,应用网格法和基于Horton定律的方法对其分维值进行了计算分析。结果表明,模拟小流域河网分维值在早期快速增长,流域发育活跃,后期分维值均有一定程度的减小,流域发育活动趋于稳定;通过与面积高程积分值及地貌信息熵值进行验证比对,根据Horton定律计算的水系分维值对流域发育阶段的量化更加准确、可靠。Fractal theory provides a new method for the quantitative study of watershed geomorphology and its development. To describe theevolution for a simulated loess watershed,drainage networks were extracted with high resolution DEMs in six different periods and their fractaldimension values were figured out and analyzed. The results show that the fractal dimension values of the drainage networks increase in earlystages and decrease in later stages with the evolution of the drainage networks. Compared with hypsometric integral and geomorphologicentropy,the fractal dimension values calculated by Horton theorem are more accurate and reliable on the quantification of the basin evolutionstages.

关 键 词：DEM 分形 地貌发育 水系 小流域 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]