单位犯罪主体的基本特征研究  

Study on The Basic Characteristics of Unit Crime

作　　者：聂立泽[1] 高猛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学法学院,广东广州510230

出　　处：《南都学坛（南阳师范学院人文社会科学学报）》2016年第4期57-64,共8页Academic Forum of Nandu:Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Nanyang Normal University

基　　金：司法部2012年度国家法治与法学理论研究项目立项课题"单位犯罪基本理论研究--以单位犯罪与自然人犯罪的比较为视角";项目编号:12SFB5025

摘　　要：将自然人在单位职务权限范围内、依照单位程序、为了单位利益而做出的意思表示或实施的行为纳入团体责任中加以考虑,是公正评价单位犯罪中自然人刑事责任的合理方式,也是刑法规定单位犯罪的主要价值诉求。鉴于此,单位犯罪主体的范围应当从以下角度予以考量:其一,就单位主体的合法性特征而言,程序性合法要素并非单位主体的必备要素,特定组织形式的必备程序违法,可以考虑成立其他单位犯罪主体;其二,单位犯罪主体的独立性并不在于其具有独立于自然人的意志能力与行为能力,也不在于其具有独立的财产、经费,而在于单位作为犯罪主体的法定性。Taking it into consideration that the choice and behavior for unit interest that natural person conduct under the authority of the unit and according to the unit procedure is an important way to evaluate the criminal liability of the natural persons and the important value to prosecute unit criminal liability. In this point,we should expand the range of unit that commits crimes. First,in terms of legitimacy features of unit subject,elements of legal procedural are not essential elements of the unit subject. When the essential elements of a specific organization form are illegal,we can consider the establishment of the other units that are not required for such elements. Second,the subject of the unit that commits crimes is independent,not for unit has the independent capacity for will and capacity for action that is independent of natural persons,nor for unit has certain property and funds. The most important reason is the legal nature of the subject of unit crime.

关 键 词：单位犯罪主体 程序性要素 犯罪能力 刑罚适应能力 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]