笼养和散养蛋鸡小肠细菌菌群区系的聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳分析  

Intestinal Bacterial Flora of Chicken Fed in Cage and Free Range by Polymerase Chain Reaction and Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis Analysis

作　　者：崔一喆[1] 王秋菊[1] 李悦[1] 苏景 周亚强[1] 张宇辰[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学动物科技学院,大庆163319 [2]黑龙江省动物疫病预防与控制中心,哈尔滨150069

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2016年第6期1677-1686,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C201444;C2015040);黑龙江八一农垦大学校培育课题(XZR2014-05)

摘　　要：本试验对笼养和散养蛋雏鸡和成年蛋鸡的小肠中细菌种类进行分析。取8周龄雏鸡和30周龄产蛋鸡整个小肠内容物,进行聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)分析,结合指纹克隆,研究鸡小肠细菌菌群的DNA指纹图谱。结果显示,共从蛋鸡的肠内容物中分离出39株细菌,有4个菌门,包括变形菌(2株,5.1%),拟杆菌(4株,10.2%),放线菌(5株,12.8%)和厚壁菌门(21株,53.8%),以及7个环境样品(不可培养细菌)。不同阶段蛋鸡不同肠段存在不同的细菌种类,在成年母鸡和自由放养鸡肠道中的细菌种类比雏鸡和笼养鸡丰富。所有分离细菌中,共分离得到10株乳酸菌,除陪伴粪球菌外,其余9株乳杆菌作为微生态制剂后备菌保存。结果提示,饲养模式和饲养阶段对蛋鸡肠道中细菌群落种类分布有很大影响,散养模式细菌群落更丰富,成年鸡较雏鸡肠道细菌多。This study investigated the structural diversity of intestinal bacterial flora in young and adult chicken fed in cage and free range separately. Intestinal samples were collected from 8 and 30 weeks old chickens. Polymerase chain reaction and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis（ PCR-DGGE） was used,in combination with cloning and sequencing of amplified fragments to produce bacterial flora DNA fingerprints. Total of 39 strains were isolated from the intestinal contents of chicken,including 4 sulfer bacteria as 2 Proteobacteria strains（ 5.1%）,4 Bacteroidetes strains（ 10.2%）,5 Actinobacteria strains（ 12.8%） and 21 Firmicutes strains（ 53.8%）,as well as 7 environmental samples（ uncultured bacterium）. And bacteria species were various in different intestine parts of different chicken,bacteria in adult hens and chicken fed in free range was richer than bacteria in young chicken and chicken fed in cage. Ten Lactobacillus stains were isolated. Coprococcus was excluded but the rest of nine Lactobacillus species were saved to study for probiotics. Results indicate that feeding mode and chicken age have a great influence on the intestinal bacterial community composition,and more bacterial species exist in adult hens＇ intestinal tract and fed in free range.

关 键 词：蛋鸡 笼养 散养 PCR-DGGE 菌群鉴定 

分 类 号：S811.6[农业科学—畜牧学]