美国的全球布局  

The Origin and Evolution of America＇s Global Arrangement

作　　者：<学术前沿>编者 

机构地区：[1]美国纽约大学

出　　处：《学术前沿》2016年第12期4-17,共14页Frontiers

摘　　要：美国，作为世界上唯一的超级大国，其全球布局的核心，即实现和维护美国国家利益和全球霸权。这一战略布局的确立，与其实力地位的变化有关，同时也是美国独特的思想文化背景和制度背景的产物。二十世纪初获得世界霸主地位，二战和冷战取得最终胜利，以及一直保持着世界所向披靡的实力，使美国对自身制度拥有强烈的道德自信，将其看作是终极的、普世的制度，视为人类社会前进的方向和目标。In terms of thinking about and making arrangements for its foreign relations, the US has experienced three stages： the ＂isolationist＂ closed-door policy when it was just founded, the Monroe Doctrine at the beginning of the 19th centur）; and the hegemonic arrangement after World War II. Behind this is the US confidence in its powerful national strength. The strategic arrangement of the US in the 21 st century is still in the exploration process, with four top priorities including anti-terrorism mechanism, responding to the OPEC monopoly over the oil price, joint efforts to protect the environment, and world poverty alleviation. But due to America＇s increasing fear of China, its strategic arrangement in the future will still focus on guarding against China. The reason is that the US diplomatic orientation has been over-affected by the power group of the international relations academia. The power group refers to previous examples in the history and state that all the emerging powers will eventually compete with the existing power for hegemony. However, the examples they use are all ＂upstart＂ countries which become powerful for the first time in history. The first rise of China took place as early as 713 A.D. and lasted until 1820, and now is the second rise of China, it is a revival rather than an ＂upstart＂. This paper also cited three ＂signs＂ to show that the Chinese rise will definitely not lead to a fight with the US for dominance. The future ~lobal arrangement of the US should not be preconditioned on the ＂China Threat Theory＂.

关 键 词：美国国家利益 全球布局 制度背景 思想文化背景 二十世纪初 超级大国 全球霸权 霸主地位 

分 类 号：D871.20[政治法律—政治学]