机构地区:[1]新疆医科大学第一附属医院呼吸重症医学科,乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆医科大学第一附属医院CT室,乌鲁木齐830054 [3]新疆医科大学统计学教研室,乌鲁木齐830000
出 处:《中华急诊医学杂志》2016年第7期920-926,共7页Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine
基 金:新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2014211C025)
摘 要:目的 探讨肺侵袭性真菌感染(IFI)的临床与影像学特征对真菌病原体的提示意义。方法 于2013年10月至2015年10月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院呼吸ICU按序收集免疫抑制合并肺IFI的患者资料。IFI诊断标准包括危险因素、临床表现、HRCT特征与血清GM试验或G试验阳性,符合2008 年欧洲癌症研究治疗组织/真菌病研究组(EORTC/MSG)临床诊断(probable diagnosis)的定义标准,并且抗真菌治疗有效。采用χ2检验比较酵母菌和霉菌患者不同临床与影像学特征的差异性。采用Logistic回归模型进行判别分析,以准确率评价判别效果。结果 有143例纳入,支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)分离酵母菌108例(75.5%)和霉菌35例(24.5%)。危险因素主要包括糖尿病62例(43.4%)、慢性肺疾病46例(32.2%)、使用广谱抗生素(≥14 d) 51例(35.7%)、恶性肿瘤33例(23.1%)、使用糖皮质激素(≥14 d ) 33例(23.1%)、慢性肾病肾脏替代治疗23例(16.1%)和免疫性疾病15例(10.5%)。这些危险因素在两类真菌病原体分布差异的比较结果显示,使用广谱抗生素(≥14 d)多见于酵母菌感染(P<0.05),而有慢性肺疾病则有利于霉菌的产生(P<0.05)。纳入研究后合并细菌感染和使用机械通气的患者,酵母菌比霉菌多发(分别P<0.05)。胸部HRCT表现为支气管肺炎-肺实变76例(53.1%)、块状影42例(29.4%),小结节35例(24.5%),大结节27例(18.9%),胸腔积液27例(18.9%),晕轮征20例(14%),以及空洞14例(9.8%)等。这些影像学特征在两类真菌分布差异的比较结果显示,胸腔心包积液多出现在霉菌感染(P<0.05)。Logistic回归模型判别两类真菌的结果显示,使用广谱抗生素(≥14 d)、机械通气和胸腔心包积液的判断价值大(均P<0.05),预测判别的准确率为77.6%。结论 对于免疫抑制合并肺IFI患者�Objective To investigate the predictive value of clinical and radiographic features in fungal pathogen identification in immunocompromised patients with pulmonary invasive fungal infection (IFI). Methods All consecutive immunocompromised adult patients with pulmonary IFI in respiratory intensive care unit (ICU) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were recruitedduring a 2 year period. All patients met the 2008 European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG) criteria were studied for proved or probable IFI responding to antifungal agents. The data of demographic, clinical and radiographic features, as well as serological test results of the patients were collected. Differences in the clinical and radiographic features of pulmonary IFIs caused by yeasts and molds were compared by X2 test. A logistic regression model was used to perform discriminant analysis, and the effect of discrimination was assessed for accuracy. Results The study included 143 patients with a probable diagnosis of IFI who had the following risk factors: diabetes mellitus (43. 4% ), chronic lung disease (32. 2% ), broad-spectrum antibiotics administration ( ≥ 14 days; 35.7% ), malignancy (23.1%), corticosteroid therapy ( ≥14 days; 23.1% ), chronic renal failure and renal replacement therapy ( 16. 1% ), and immunological disease ( 10. 5% ). Frequent broad-spectrum antibiotics administration was associated with yeast infection (P 〈 0. 05 ), while mold infection was associated with chronic lung disease ( P 〈 0. 05 ) . Yeast was more often isolated from patients with concurrent bacterial infection and on mechanical ventilation (P 〈 0. 05 ) . Thoracic high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) showed the following images: bronchial pneumonia/pulmonary consolidation (53.1%), massive shadowing (29.4%), small nodules ( 24. 5% ), large nodules ( 18.9% ), pleural effusion ( 18. 9% ), halo sign
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