北方半干旱区不同水氮供应及种植密度对小南瓜产量的影响  

Effect of Planting Density,Irrigation Intensity and Nitrogen Application on Pumpkin Yield in Northern Semi-arid Region

作　　者：塔娜[1] 崔艳伟[1] 小沢圣 拾涛[1] 中本和夫 王海[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]明治大学,日本川崎2150035 [3]国际农林水产业研究中心,日本筑波3058686

出　　处：《北方园艺》2016年第13期1-5,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：中日合作资助项目

摘　　要：小南瓜是北方半干旱区增加经济产值的适生作物之一。该试验以日本"赤甘栗"小南瓜品种为试材,在3种密度(1 666、2 500、5 000株·hm^(-2))、2个灌溉量(3~4、6~8mm·d^(-1))和4个牛粪氮添加水平(N 25、50、75、100kg·hm^(-2))处理下进行大田试验,研究不同水、氮供应及种植密度对小南瓜产量的影响。结果表明:在中密度和高密度栽培下,小南瓜产量会随着氮添加量的增加而增加,但未受灌溉量的影响,但水分生产率会随着灌溉量增加而降低;在低密度栽培下灌溉量和氮添加量的增加都会导致小南瓜产量的增加,且水分生产率随着氮的提高会相应提高但未受灌溉量的影响;内蒙古半干旱地区春末夏季气候有利于小南瓜的种植,在定植密度为1 667株·hm^(-2)时,随氮肥的提高小南瓜产量及水分生产率均可增加,在3~4、6~8mm·d^(-1)灌溉水平下小南瓜产量分别为6.99、15.34t·hm^(-2)。Pumpkin is one of suitable crops for increasing economic output in northern semi-arid region.Pumpkin variation‘Red sweet chestnut＇was planted under three planting densities（1 666plants·hm（-2）,2 500plants·hm（-2）,5 000plants·hm（-2））,two irrigation intensities（3-4and 6-8mm·day（-1））,and four cow dung application levels（nitrogen 25,50,75,100kg·hm（-2））in fields to evaluate the effects of planting density,irrigation amount and cow dung nitrogen application on pumpkin yield.The results showed that yield increased linearly as nitrogen application increased in plots of planting density 2 500 and 5 000plants·hm（-2）,where yield difference between irrigation intensities was not found and water productivity was more in irrigation intensity 4.2mm·day（-1） than in 8.3mm·day（-1）.In the plot of planting density 1 666plants·hm（-2）,water productivity increased linearly as nitro application increased,where water productivity difference between irrigation intensities was not found.It was concluded that with the increasing of nitrogen application,pumpkin yield and water productivity increased linearly under planting density of 1 666plants·hm（-2）.Under the irrigation intensity of 4.2and8.3mm·day（-1）,pumpkin yield reached to 6.99t·hm（-2） and 15.34t·hm（-2）,respectively.

关 键 词：小南瓜 产量 密度 灌溉量 氮添加量 

分 类 号：S642.105[农业科学—蔬菜学]