1961—2010年长江流域高温热浪时空变化特征  

On spatiotemporal variations of heat waves in the Yangtze River Basin from 1961 to 2010

作　　者：王喜元[1] 闫业超[1] 岳书平[1] 刘彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学地理与遥感学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第4期602-609,共8页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40901062)

摘　　要：基于长江流域166个气象台站的逐日最高气温观测数据和西太平洋副热带高压环流指数,采用趋势分析、Mann-Kendall检验等方法,分析了长江流域1961—2010年高温热浪的时空分布特征.结果表明:近50 a来,长江流域高温热浪频次、持续时间与强度呈现出先减少后增加的趋势,整体呈现出微弱增加趋势,其速率为0.06次/10 a,0.03 d/10 a,0.29℃·d/10 a,与副高脊线和北界呈现出显著的正相关;高温热浪的空间分布大致呈现出东南多西北少,江南多、江北少的分布特征,多发区主要集中于集中在洞庭湖、鄱阳湖流域一带以及中上游干流区;除汉江流域东部与洞庭湖流域中部地区显示为减少趋势外,基本呈现增加趋势,其中太湖流域,鄱阳湖流域东南部以及中下游干流区增加趋势显著.Based on the daily temperature observations of 166 national basic stations and the circulation in- dexes of the western Pacific subtropical high, we have calculated the frequency, duration, intensity of heat waves. With the method of trend analysis, and Mann-Kendall test, etc, the spatial and temporal characteristics of heat waves in Yangtze River Basin from 1961--2010 have been explored, along with its spatial variation trends.The re- sults show that the frequency, duration, intensity of heat waves in Yangtze River Basin all show an distinct deeadal revolution of decreasing--increasing, decreasing in the 1960s to 1980s, while increasing from the 1990s up to now,the frequency, duration, and intensity of heat waves presented a detectable increase with the linear trend 0. 06/10 a,0.03 d/10 a,0.29 ~C ~ d/10 a,respectively,and the ridge line and the north side of the western Pacific subtropical high show a significant correlation with the heat waves;spatially, the frequency, duration, intensity of heat waves presents the feature that there are more occurrence in south of Yangtze River basin than that in the re- gion of north and gradually decreases from southeast to northwest, meanwhile the heat waves are mainly centered on the middle east Dongting Lake Basin to the Poyang Lake River Basin, as well as the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River;except from the east Hanjiang Basin and the center of the Dongting Lake basin.The variation trend of heat waves presents an increasing trend in other places, mainly in the east Taihu Basin, southeast Poyang Lake Basin, along with the lower and middle reaches of the Yangtze River.

关 键 词：长江流域 高温热浪 时空分布 MANN-KENDALL检验 

分 类 号：P425.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]